Unravelling the Unseen: A Case Series Exploring the Enigmas of Traumatic Optic Neuropathy.

Traumatic optic neuropathy (TON) is a rare condition resulting from damage to the optic nerve due to craniofacial trauma. It can present as direct or indirect injuries, with mechanisms ranging from mechanical disruption by fractures in direct TON to transmitted forces causing shearing and ischemia in indirect TON. These injuries often lead to significant visual impairment or complete vision loss, requiring timely diagnosis and intervention.

Menthol-based Novel Ultra-Deformable Vesicle: Formulation, Optimization and Evaluation of an Antifungal Drug.

The current study aims to establish a novel ultra-deformable vesicular system to enhance the drug penetration across the skin by preparing the ketoconazole-loaded menthosomes. It was achieved through regular thin-film evaporation & hydration techniques. To examine the effect of formulation parameters on menthosome characteristics, a 2 full factorial design was used using Design-Expert® software.

A microanatomical study of the precentral cerebral wall in human fetuses of the second trimester with ventriculomegaly and corpus callosal dysgenesis.

Background: The complex structure and function of the cerebrum make it a key focus in neuroscience research. It develops from telencephalic vesicles through processes such as cell growth, division, and migration from the neuroepithelium's ventricular matrix, forming the six-layered isocortex or neocortex. Multipotent neuroepithelial cells give rise to both neuronal and glial precursors, which populate the cerebral cortex.

Incidence, Prediction, and Prevention of Fractures After Kidney Transplantation: A Systematic Review Protocol.

Background: Kidney transplant recipients are uniquely exposed to the disordered bone metabolism associated with chronic kidney disease beginning before transplantation followed by chronic corticosteroid use after transplantation. Previous efforts to synthesize the rapidly accruing evidence regarding estimation and management of fracture risk in kidney transplant recipients are outdated and incomplete.

Objective: To synthesize the evidence informing the overall incidence, patient-specific risk prediction, and methods of prevention of fractures in patient living with a kidney transplant.

CD91-mediated reprogramming of DCs by immunogenic heat shock proteins requires the kinases AXL and Fgr.

Immune responses to tumors, comprising adaptive T cells and innate NK cells, arise very early in tumorigeneses and prior to detection of palpable tumors or before tissue pathology is evident. Yet, how nascent tumors evoke dendritic cell maturation and the resulting cytokine responses that are necessary for these effector anti-tumor immune responses is unknown. We have previously shown that CD91 expression on dendritic cells is important for immune surveillance, specifically for generating T cell and NK cell responses to nascent tumors.