Small RNA sequencing of differentiated astrocytoma exposed to NMOSD patient sera reveals perturbations in neurodegenerative signaling.

The signaling pathways behind severe astrocytic lysis with Aquaporin4 auto-antibody (AQP4-IgG) seropositivity, and reactive astrocytosis with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein auto-antibody (MOG-IgG) seropositivity, remain largely unexplored in Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD), while almost no molecular details being known about double-seronegative (DN) patients. Recent discovery of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in DN NMOSD patients' cerebrospinal fluid, akin to AQP4-IgG + ve cases, suggests astrocytopathy. Here, we aim to study small non coding RNA (sncRNA) signature alterations in astrocytes exposed to AQP4-IgG + ve and MOG-IgG + ve patient sera, and their potential resemblance with DN-NMOSD.

Therapeutic induction of ferroptosis in tumors using PD-L1 targeting antibody nanogel conjugates.

Although programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) is best known for its role in immune suppression, tumor-intrinsic functions are emerging. Here, we report that tumor cells that express PD-L1 are sensitive to ferroptosis inducers such as imidazole ketone erastin (IKE). PD-L1 promotes ferroptosis sensitivity because it suppresses SLC7A11 expression and diminishes glutathione levels.

Historical Perspective of Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation for Multiple Myeloma.

Background: Advances in novel therapies have improved outcomes for multiple myeloma (MM) patients and the use of allo-SCT has decreased. Current guidelines no longer support allo-SCT as consolidation therapy for newly diagnosed MM, even in high-risk cases.

Summary: Allo-SCT is now typically considered only within clinical trials for young, high-risk patients with relapsed or refractory MM (RRMM).

Flexible Near-Infrared Plasmon-Polaritons in Epitaxial Scandium Nitride Enabled by van der Waals Heteroepitaxy.

Van der Waals heteroepitaxy refers to the growth of strain- and misfit-dislocation-free epitaxial films on layered substrates or vice versa. Such heteroepitaxial technique can be utilized in developing flexible near-infrared transition metal nitride plasmonic materials to broaden their photonic and bioplasmonic applications, such as antifogging, smart windows, and bioimaging. Here, we show the first conclusive experimental demonstration of the van der Waals heteroepitaxy-enabled flexible semiconducting scandium nitride (ScN) thin films exhibiting near-infrared, low-loss epsilon-near-zero, and surface plasmon-polariton resonances.