Multiphase Coexistence in an Ionic Liquid: 1-Decyl-3-methylimidazolium Nitrate.

Complicated phase transitions were observed in a single-component 1-decyl-3-methylimidazolium nitrate ([Cmim][NO]) ionic liquid (IL) using Raman spectroscopy and synchrotron small- and wide-angle X-ray scattering (SWAXS). Time-resolved synchrotron SWAXS could distinguish the phase transitions depending upon the cooling rate. Low- peaks representing a few kinds of layered structures were decomposed.

Magnetism of pseudospin-1/2 pyrochlore antiferromagnet NaCo(CO)Cl.

Pyrochlore magnets have attracted interest as systems for realizing critical phenomena, rich magnetic structures, associated topological band structures, and nontrivial quantum phases. NaCo(CO)Cl is a pseudospin-1/2 antiferromagnet in which the Coions form a pyrochlore network. Its structural and magnetic properties were investigated using magnetization, heat capacity, ESR, single-crystal x-ray diffraction, powder neutron diffraction and powder inelastic neutron scattering.

Programmed death ligand 1-positive immune cells in primary tumor or metastatic axillary lymph nodes can predict prognosis of triple-negative breast cancer even when present at < 1% in the tumor region.

Background: The efficacy of pre-operative systemic treatment (PST) combined with immune checkpoint inhibition (ICI) for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) has been recognized recently as being independent of the degree of programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) positivity of infiltrating immune cells, especially for patients with axillary lymph node metastasis (ALNM).

Methods: TNBC patients with ALNM were treated surgically between 2002 and 2016 in our facility (n = 109), of whom 38 received PST before resection. The presence of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) expressing CD3, CD8, CD68, PD-L1 (detected by antibody SP142) and FOXP3 at primary and metastatic LN sites was quantified.

Experimental Observation of Long-Range Magnetic Order in Icosahedral Quasicrystals.

Quasicrystals (QCs), first discovered in 1984, generally do not exhibit long-range magnetic order. Here, we report on long-range magnetic order in the real icosahedral quasicrystals ( QCs) Au-Ga-Gd and Au-Ga-Tb. The AuGaGd QC exhibits a ferromagnetic transition at = 23 K, manifested as a sharp anomaly in both magnetic susceptibility and specific heat measurements, along with an appearance of magnetic Bragg peak below .