Single-incision drilling technique to achieve hemiepiphysiodesis of the distal metacarpus - complications and outcome in 207 foals with metacarpophalangeal varus deformities.

Objective: To report the outcome of foals treated for metacarpophalangeal varus deformity with a single-incision drilling technique for hemiepiphysiodesis of the distal lateral metacarpal physis.

Study Design: Retrospective case-control cohort study.

Animals: Thoroughbred foals (n = 207), 171 age- and sex-matched maternal siblings.

Arthroscopic removal of osteochondral fragments located within the condylar fossa of the third metacarpus/metatarsus in Thoroughbred yearlings.

Objective: To describe an arthroscopic technique for the removal of osteochondral fragments located within the condylar fossa of the third metacarpal/tarsal bone.

Study Design: Retrospective study.

Animals: Thoroughbred yearlings (n = 11).

Survival and racing performance after surgical treatment of rib fractures in foals.

Objective: To evaluate the short and long-term outcomes of foals treated surgically for fractured ribs and variables that may affect outcome.

Study Design: Retrospective.

Animals: Seventy-three equine neonates with surgically repaired fractured ribs.

Hand-assisted laparoscopic cystotomy for cystic calculus removal in male horses (3 cases).

A technique for hand-assisted laparoscopic removal of cystic calculi in male horses is described. Three cystic calculi ranging from 5 to 10 cm in diameter were removed successfully using bilateral para-inguinal laparoscopic portals assisted by a human hand within the abdomen, effectively sealing the midline incision. Long-term follow-up information obtained from referring veterinarians and owners indicated that the patients returned to their previous activity level and had no recurrence of clinical signs in the following 6 to 12 months.

Macrophage Activation in the Synovium of Healthy and Osteoarthritic Equine Joints.

Synovitis is a major component of osteoarthritis and is driven primarily by macrophages. Synovial macrophages are crucial for joint homeostasis (M2-like phenotype), but induce inflammation (M1-like) when regulatory functions become overwhelmed. Macrophage phenotypes in synovium from osteoarthritic and healthy joints are poorly characterized; however, comparative knowledge of their phenotypes during health and disease is paramount for developing targeted treatments.