Breast Milk and Necrotizing Enterocolitis in Congenital Heart Disease: A Case-Control Study.

Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a complication that can affect infants with congenital heart disease (CHD). The objective of this study is to determine whether breast milk, which is associated with decreased incidence of NEC in preterm infants, is protective in infants with CHD. Retrospective case-control study of infants ≥ 33 weeks gestational age with CHD who underwent cardiac surgery during their admission to the Infant Cardiac Unit from 2008 to 2017.

Shrinking sizes of trout and salamanders are unexplained by climate warming alone.

Decreases in body sizes of animals related to recent climate warming can affect population persistence and stability. However, direct observations of average sizes over time and their interrelationships with underlying density-dependent and density-independent processes remain poorly understood owing to the lack of appropriate long-term datasets. We measured body size of two species common to headwater streams in coastal and Cascades ecoregions of the Pacific Northwest of North America over multiple decades, comparing old-growth and managed forests.

Fifty years of paracetamol (acetaminophen) poisoning: the development of risk assessment and treatment 1973-2023 with particular focus on contributions published from Edinburgh and Denver.

Introduction: Fifty years ago, basic scientific studies and the availability of assay methods made the assessment of risk in paracetamol (acetaminophen) poisoning possible. The use of the antidote acetylcysteine linked to new methods of risk assessment transformed the treatment of this poisoning. This review will describe the way in which risk assessment and treatments have developed over the last 50 years and highlight the remaining areas of uncertainty.

Association between intermittent hypoxemia and neurodevelopmental outcomes in extremely premature infants: A single-center experience.

Objective: To describe the association between intermittent hypoxemic events (IHEs) and severe neurodevelopmental impairment (SNDI) or death in extremely premature infants.

Study Design: Retrospective study of extremely premature infants 23-27 weeks gestational age (GA) and birthweight (BW) ≤1250 grams (g) admitted to a level IV neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) from 2013 to 2017. IHEs, defined as events with SpO ≤ 80 % lasting 10 s to 5 min, were algorithmically identified using data extracted from bedside monitors at 2 s intervals (0.

Cardiac healthcare disparities and electrocardiography (ECG) differences in schizophrenia at end of life.

Schizophrenia is associated with early mortality of 15 to 20 years, and 80 % of deaths are due to cardiovascular disease with a three-times greater risk of sudden-cardiac-death. While lifestyle, medications, genetics, and healthcare disparities are contributing factors, the etiology of this complex process is not fully understood. The aim of this study is to examine cardiac-related healthcare utilization and electrocardiogram (ECG) outcomes in schizophrenia at the end of life (EOL).