Triple inhaled therapy in asthma: Beliefs, behaviours and doubts.

Long-acting muscarinic antagonists (LAMA) in association with inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) plus long-acting beta-2 agonists (LABA) are recommended by the GINA report as further option in step 4 and first choice in step 5 treatment. Despite consistent evidence of its efficacy and safety, inhaled triple therapy (ITT) is still not largely used in patients with asthma. With the aim to explore belief and behaviours of asthma specialists, an ad hoc survey has been developed by a panel of Interasma Scientific Network (INESnet) experts and subsequently defined by two Delphi rounds among an international group of physicians.

Epithelial alarmins: a new target to treat chronic respiratory diseases.

Introduction: In response to injury, epithelial cells release alarmins including thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP), high mobility group-box-1 (HMGB1), interleukin (IL)-33 and -25 that can initiate innate immune responses. These alarmins are recognized as activators of T2-immune responses characteristic for asthma, but recent evidence highlighted their role in non-T2 inflammation, airway remodeling, and pulmonary fibrosis making them an attractive therapeutic target for chronic respiratory diseases (CRD).

Areas Covered: In this review, firstly we discuss the role of TSLP, IL-33, IL-25, and HMGB1 in the pathogenesis of asthma, COPD, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, and cystic fibrosis according to the published data.

Criteria to evaluate efficacy of biologics in asthma: a Global Asthma Association survey.

Background: Currently, there are no universally accepted criteria to measure the response to biologics available as treatment for severe asthma. This survey aims to establish consensus criteria to use for the evaluation of response to biologics after 4 months of treatment.

Method: Using Delphi methodology, a questionnaire including 10 items was validated by 13 international experts in asthma.

Manifesto on inhaled triple therapy in asthma: an Interasma (Global Asthma Association - GAA) document.

The optimal use of drug combinations for the management of asthma is providing significant results. This has prompted Interasma (Global Asthma Association) to take a position on inhaled triple therapy in asthma. We performed an extensive literature research to clinical trials, meta-analyses, randomized controlled trials and systematic reviews.