Efficacy of facemasks in preventing transmission of COVID-19 in non-healthcare settings: A scoping review.

Background: During the COVID-19 pandemic, an abundance of literature relating to the efficacy of face masks on reducing transmission of COVID-19 in non-healthcare settings emerged.

Aim/objective: The aim of this scoping review was to allow the identification of: types of evidence conducted in this area; knowledge gaps and common concepts relating to mask efficacy in non-healthcare settings.

Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted in PubMed, CINAHL, MEDLINE, Embase and the Irish Management Institute bibliographic database on December 15th, 2021.

Linking multivariate statistical methods and water quality indices to evaluate the natural and anthropogenic geochemical processes controlling the water quality of a tropical watershed.

The improvement of water management requires monitoring techniques that accurately evaluate water quality status and detect the effects of land use changes on water chemistry. This study aimed to evaluate how multivariate statistical methods and water quality indices can be applied together to evaluate the processes controlling water chemical composition and the overall water quality status of a tropical watershed. Thirty-four water samples were collected in the Formoso River basin, located on the border of the Amazon Forest.

Copper and lead isotope records from an electroplating activity in sediments and biota from Sepetiba Bay (southeastern Brazil).

An old electroplating plant in Sepetiba Bay discharged metal-enriched wastes into the surrounding mangroves for 30 years (from the 1960s to 1990s), resulting in a hotspot zone of legacy sediments highly concentrated in toxic trace metals. This study applies Cu and Pb isotope systems to investigate the contributions of past punctual sources relative to emerging modern diffuse sources. The electroplating activity imprinted particular isotopic signatures (average δCu: 0.

Antiangiogenic Pterocarpan and Flavonoid Constituents of .

The roots of , growing in Egypt, yielded 24 flavonoid compounds, including 17 pterocarpans, two isoflavanones, one flavanone, two isoflavans, one 2-arylbenzofuran, and an isoflava-3-ene. Nine pterocarpans have not been reported previously (-, -, , and ), and 11 are reported here for the first time from this species. Structures were established using HRESIMS, NMR, and circular dichroism techniques.