Heart rate recovery after orthostatic challenge and cardiopulmonary exercise testing in older individuals: prospective multicentre observational cohort study.

Background: Impaired vagal function in older individuals, quantified by the 'gold standard' delayed heart rate recovery after maximal exercise (HRR), is an independent predictor of cardiorespiratory capacity and mortality (particularly when HRR ≤12 beats min). Heart rate also often declines after orthostatic challenge (HRR), but the mechanism remains unclear. We tested whether HRR reflects similar vagal autonomic characteristics as HRR.

The role of prehabilitation on short-term outcomes after liver transplantation: A review of the literature and expert panel recommendations.

Background: Prehabilitation programs as part of ERAS protocols are being increasingly used in multiple surgeries, improving postoperative outcomes. Data regarding prehabilitation programs in patients awaiting liver transplantation and their outcomes is scarce.

Objectives: To identify whether prehabilitation programs based on exercise training conducted prior to liver transplantation improve short-term postoperative outcomes, and to provide expert panel recommendations.

Peak power output testing: novel method for preoperative assessment of exercise capacity.

Background: Assessment of exercise capacity is an important component of risk assessment before major surgery. Cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) provides comprehensive assessment but is resource-intensive, limiting widespread adoption. Measurement of a patient's peak power output (PPO) using a simplified test on a cycle ergometer has the potential to identify patients likely to have abnormal CPET findings and to be at increased perioperative risk.

Assessment of the Frail Patient With End-Stage Liver Disease: A Practical Overview of Sarcopenia, Physical Function, and Disability.

Frailty has emerged as a powerful predictor of clinical outcomes (e.g., decompensation, hospitalization, mortality) in patients with end-stage liver disease (ESLD).

Delineating Quality Indicators of Inpatient Psychiatric Hospitalization.

Background: Assuring quality care is critical to the well-being and recovery of individuals receiving inpatient psychiatric treatment, yet a comprehensive map of quality inpatient care does not exist.

Aims: To isolate and describe quality elements of inpatient psychiatric treatment.

Methods: A survey queried psychiatric inpatient nursing leaders on what they considered to be critical elements of quality.