Applying Natural Language Processing Techniques to Map Trends in Insomnia Treatment Terms on the r/Insomnia Subreddit: Infodemiology Study.

Background: People share health-related experiences and treatments, such as for insomnia, in digital communities. Natural language processing tools can be leveraged to understand the terms used in digital spaces to discuss insomnia and insomnia treatments.

Objective: The aim of this study is to summarize and chart trends of insomnia treatment terms on a digital insomnia message board.

Cerebral iron accumulation in multiple sclerosis: Pathophysiology and therapeutic implications.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disorder of the central nervous system characterized by demyelination, neuroinflammation, and neurodegeneration. Recent studies highlight the role of cerebral iron (Fe) accumulation in exacerbating MS pathophysiology. Fe, essential for neural function, contributes to oxidative stress and inflammation when dysregulated, particularly in the brain's gray matter and demyelinated lesions.

Mitochondrial DNA lineages determine tumor progression through T cell reactive oxygen signaling.

Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is highly polymorphic, and host mtDNA variation has been associated with altered cancer severity. To determine the basis of this mtDNA-cancer association, we analyzed conplastic mice with the C57BL/6J (B6) nucleus but two naturally occurring mtDNA lineages, and , where mitochondria generate more oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS)-derived reactive oxygen species (mROS). In a cardiac transplant model, Foxp3+ T regulatory (Treg) cells supported long-term allograft survival, whereas Treg cells failed to suppress host T effector (Teff) cells, leading to acute rejection.

Quantitative comparison of vascular characteristics of plus disease images published over time: International Classification of Retinopathy of Prematurity.

Plus disease was first defined in the original International Classification of retinopathy of prematurity (ICROP) publication in 1984. Over time, the definition of plus disease has evolved, and each ensuing ICROP publication has included example plus disease images. Because plus disease is often present when treatment is indicated, it is important to evaluate whether the retinal vascular characteristics (ie, dilation and tortuosity) depicted in these example images have remained the same or changed over time.