Corticioid basidiomycetes associated with bark beetles, including seven new Entomocorticium species from North America and Cylindrobasidium ipidophilum, comb. nov.

Seven new Entomocorticium species (Peniophoraceae) are described based on morphology and phylogenetic analyses. Along with the type species (E. dendroctoni), Entomocorticium comprises eight species of nutritional symbionts of pine bark beetles in North America.

Patterns of coevolution between ambrosia beetle mycangia and the , with five new fungal genera and seven new species.

Ambrosia beetles farm specialised fungi in sapwood tunnels and use pocket-like organs called mycangia to carry propagules of the fungal cultivars. Ambrosia fungi selectively grow in mycangia, which is central to the symbiosis, but the history of coevolution between fungal cultivars and mycangia is poorly understood. The fungal family previously included three ambrosial genera (, , and ), each farmed by one of three distantly related tribes of ambrosia beetles with unique and relatively large mycangium types.

Four mycangium types and four genera of ambrosia fungi suggest a complex history of fungus farming in the ambrosia beetle tribe Xyloterini.

Ambrosia beetles farm fungal cultivars (ambrosia fungi) and carry propagules of the fungal mutualists in storage organs called mycangia, which occur in various body parts and vary greatly in size and complexity. The evolution of ambrosia fungi is closely tied to the evolution and development of the mycangia that carry them. The understudied ambrosia beetle tribe Xyloterini included lineages with uncharacterized ambrosia fungi and mycangia, which presented an opportunity to test whether developments of different mycangium types in a single ambrosia beetle lineage correspond with concomitant diversity in their fungal mutualists.

A host specialized form of Ceratocystis fimbriata causes seed and seedling blight on native Carapa guianensis (andiroba) in Amazonian rainforests.

Ceratocystis fimbriata Ellis & Halsted recently was recorded causing seed and seedling blight on Carapa guianensis Aubl. (andiroba), a tree species native to the Amazon Rainforest and prized for its valuable timber and medicinal seed oil. C.

New species associated with rapid death of in Hawai'i.

The native 'ōhi'a lehua () has cultural, biological and ecological significance to Hawai'i, but it is seriously threatened by a disease commonly referred to as rapid 'ōhi'a death (ROD). Preliminary investigations showed that a species similar to s.lat.