The feasibility of assessing prognosis over 3 years in persons with a previous stroke/transient ischemic attack in general practice.

Background: Stroke has devastating consequences for survivors. Hypertension is the most important modifiable risk factor, and its management largely takes place in primary care. However, most stroke-based research does not occur in this setting.

Cell-free assays reveal that the HIV-1 capsid protects reverse transcripts from cGAS.

Retroviruses can be detected by the innate immune sensor cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS), which recognizes reverse-transcribed DNA and activates an antiviral response. However, the extent to which HIV-1 shields its genome from cGAS recognition remains unclear. To study this process in mechanistic detail, we reconstituted reverse transcription, genome release, and innate immune sensing of HIV-1 in a cell-free system.

Results of a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of lorcaserin in cocaine use disorder.

Background: Cocaine use disorder (CUD) is a major public health problem for which there is no approved pharmacotherapy. The primary purpose of this study was to evaluate the ability of lorcaserin, a 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) receptor agonist, to facilitate abstinence in individuals seeking treatment for CUD.

Methods: This was a 12-site, randomized, parallel arm study with a 13-week Treatment Phase that included a 1-week, single-blind run-in period when all participants received twice daily 15mg acetazolamide capsules (a medication adherence marker), followed by randomization to either twice daily 10mg lorcaserin or placebo capsules for the remaining 12 weeks.

Reference values for wrist-worn accelerometer physical activity metrics in England children and adolescents.

Background: Over the last decade use of raw acceleration metrics to assess physical activity has increased. Metrics such as Euclidean Norm Minus One (ENMO), and Mean Amplitude Deviation (MAD) can be used to generate metrics which describe physical activity volume (average acceleration), intensity distribution (intensity gradient), and intensity of the most active periods (MX metrics) of the day. Presently, relatively little comparative data for these metrics exists in youth.