Repeat corneal collagen cross-linking after failure of primary cross-linking in keratoconus.

Background: Primary corneal collagen cross-linking (CXL) stabilises 96% of progressive keratoconus. There is limited evidence for the treatment of choice when this fails. We present 10 years of repeat CXL and compare with our published experience of primary CXL to (1) identify perioperative risk factors of primary CXL failure and (2) demonstrate the safety and efficacy of repeat CXL.

Bilateral, Unaugmented, Loop Myopexy Performed for a Severe Case of Heavy Eye Syndrome.

Aim: To report the clinical features and surgical outcomes of one patient with heavy eye syndrome who underwent bilateral, unaugmented, full loop myopexy.

Methods: A 47-year-old lady with high myopia, high axial length, progressive esotropia, slippage of the lateral rectus (LR) inferiorly and superior rectus (SR) medially on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was diagnosed with heavy eye syndrome. Unaugmented loop myopexy without medial rectus (MR) recession was offered.

Transcranial direct current stimulation of the motor cortex in the treatment of chronic nonspecific low back pain: a randomized, double-blind exploratory study.

Objectives: To test the proof of principle that active anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) applied to the motor cortex reduces pain significantly more than sham stimulation in a group of participants with chronic nonspecific low back pain.

Methods: The study utilized a within-participants sham-controlled, interrupted time series design. A sample of 8 participants was recruited.

Mapping the cortical representation of the lumbar paravertebral muscles.

Objective: The aim of this study was to map the cortical representation of the lumbar spine paravertebral (LP) muscles in healthy subjects.

Methods: Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) was employed to map the cortical representations of the LP muscles at two sites. Stimuli were applied to points on a grid representing scalp positions.

Corticospinal function studied over time following incomplete spinal cord injury.

Study Design: Longitudinal.

Objectives: (1) To perform standard clinical neurological examinations and establish the pattern of clinical change with time following incomplete spinal cord injury (iSCI). (2) To establish the pattern of change in corticospinal electrophysiological function with time after iSCI.