Extending the Grazing Period for Bulls, Prior to Finishing on a Concentrate Ration: Composition, Collagen Structure and Organoleptic Characteristics of Beef.

The biochemical and organoleptic characteristics of the longissimus thoracis muscle from suckler bulls ( = 56) finished on a concentrate-based system (C) or raised in a pasture-based system (P) incorporating 99 (P99), 162 (P162) or 231 days (P231) of grazing prior to indoor finishing on the concentrate-based diet were investigated. Age at slaughter increased with increasing period at pasture. Intramuscular fat concentration was lower ( < 0.

Open PHACTS computational protocols for target validation of cellular phenotypic screens: knowing the knowns.

Phenotypic screening is in a renaissance phase and is expected by many academic and industry leaders to accelerate the discovery of new drugs for new biology. Given that phenotypic screening is per definition target agnostic, the emphasis of and follow-up work is on the exploration of possible molecular mechanisms and efficacy targets underlying the biological processes interrogated by the phenotypic screening experiments. Herein, we present six exemplar computational protocols for the interpretation of cellular phenotypic screens based on the integration of compound, target, pathway, and disease data established by the IMI Open PHACTS project.

Suitability of replacement markers for functional analysis studies in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

The complete yeast sequence contains a large proportion of genes whose biological function is completely unknown. One approach to elucidating the function of these novel genes is by quantitative methods that exploit the concepts of metabolic control analysis. An important first step in such an analysis is to determine the effects of deleting individual genes on the growth rate (or fitness) of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

Development of myelin mosaicism in the optic nerve of heterozygotes of the X-linked myelin-deficient (md) rat mutant.

The oligodendrocyte population of the optic nerve has been suggested to arise either from a radial migration of neuroepithelial cells of the optic stalk or from the longitudinal migration of progenitor cells into the optic nerve from the brain, via the optic chiasm. Female heterozygotes of the X-linked myelin deficient (md) rat trait show a marked mosaic pattern of myelination of the optic nerves. This degree of mosaicism is not observed in other parts of the central nervous system.