Validation of the Portuguese version of the Movement Disorder Society non-motor rating scale (MDS-NMS) in Parkinson's disease.

Background: The Movement Disorder Society Non-Motor Rating Scale (MDS-NMS) serves as a comprehensive clinical assessment tool for non-motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease (PD) OBJECTIVES: This study aims to validate the Portuguese version of the MDS-NMS, addressing the critical need for culturally adapted rating scales in Portuguese-speaking populations.

Methods: This multicenter, cross-sectional study engaged native Portuguese-speaking PD patients from 16 Movement Disorders Centers across Portugal and Brazil. We conducted a meticulous translation process into Portuguese, including forward-backward translation and cognitive pretesting.

Urges to move and struggles to breathe: restless legs syndrome/WillisEkbom disease in adult patients with obstructive sleep apnea.

Purpose: Recent evidences pointed out that the prevalence of comorbidity of restless legs syndrome/Willis-Ekbom disease (RLS/WED) and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is around 20%. Nonetheless its association factors have not been extensively evaluated after the recent modification in diagnostic criteria. We aimed to estimate the prevalence of RLS/WED and its association factors with OSA in an adult sample.

Validation of the Portuguese MDS-UPDRS: Challenges to Obtain a Scale Applicable to Different Linguistic Cultures.

Background: The MDS-UPDRS has been available in English since 2008, showing satisfactory clinimetric results and being proposed as the new official benchmark scale for Parkinson's disease (PD), being cited as a core instrument for PD in the National Institutes of Neurological Disorders and Stroke Common Data Elements program. For this reason, the MDS created guidelines for development of MDS-UPDRS official, clinimetrically validated translations.

Objective: This study presents the formal process used to obtain the officially approved Portuguese version of the MDS-UPDRS.

Medial Gradual Opening Osteotomy of the Tibia With Monolateral External Fixator for Correcting the Varus Deformity of the Tibia.

Correction of the varus deformities in the tibia is necessary because of the excessive pressure exerted on the medial compartment of the knee, which intensifies the degenerative process. Correction strategies encompass a variety of approaches and depend on the patient's individual characteristics, age, soft tissue condition, and the orthopaedic surgeon's experience with different surgical materials. Size and location of the deformity, whether gradual or acute, play crucial roles in choosing the most appropriate material and shape.