Whole Blood vs Serum-Derived Exosomes for Host and Pathogen-Specific Tuberculosis Biomarker Identification: RNA-Seq-Based Machine-Learning Approach.

Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) remains a leading infectious disease responsible for millions of deaths. RNA sequencing is a rapidly growing technique and a powerful approach to understanding host and pathogen cross-talks via transcriptional responses. However, its application is limited due to the high costs involved.

Exploring bilateral pneumothorax leading to a rare diagnosis in a young lady.

Bilateral pneumothorax is a rare occurrence and vigilant clinical examination is mandatory to suspect that during the presentation. This case illustrates a young lady presented with bilateral pneumothorax, new identification of lung cysts and chylous pleural effusion leading to diagnosis of lymphangioleiomyomatosis.

A host blood transcriptional signature differentiates multi-drug/rifampin-resistant tuberculosis (MDR/RR-TB) from drug susceptible tuberculosis: a pilot study.

Background: Tuberculosis (TB), caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis is one of the top thirteen causes of death worldwide. The major challenge to control TB is the emergence of drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB); specifically, multi-drug resistant TB which are resistant to the most potent drugs; rifampin and isoniazid. Owing to the inconsistencies of the current diagnostic methods, a single test cannot identify the whole spectrum of DR-TB associated mutations.

Respiratory Bacterial Microbiota and Individual Bacterial Variability in Lung Cancer and Bronchiectasis Patients.

Respiratory bacterial microbiota plays a key role in human health. Lung cancer microbiome is a significant yet an understudied area while bronchiectasis microbiome is often studied. We assessed the bacterial microbiota in the upper and lower respiratory tract of the patients with lung cancer and bronchiectasis against a healthy group and their variations in individuality.