Orthogonal magnetic structures of FeO: representation analysis and DFT calculations.

The magnetic and electronic structures of FeO have been investigated at ambient and high pressures a combination of representation analysis, density functional theory (DFT+) calculations, and Mössbauer spectroscopy. A few spin configurations corresponding to the different irreducible representations have been considered. The total-energy calculations reveal that the magnetic ground state of FeO corresponds to an orthogonal spin order.

Magnetism in cold subducting slabs at mantle transition zone depths.

The Earth's crust-mantle boundary, the Mohorovičić discontinuity, has been traditionally considered to be the interface between the magnetic crust and the non-magnetic mantle. However, this assumption has been questioned by geophysical observations and by the identification of magnetic remanence in mantle xenoliths, which suggest mantle magnetic sources. Owing to their high critical temperatures, iron oxides are the only potential sources of magnetic anomalies at mantle depths.

Portable double-sided pulsed laser heating system for time-resolved geoscience and materials science applications.

A portable double-sided pulsed laser heating system for diamond anvil cells has been developed that is able to stably produce laser pulses as short as a few microseconds with repetition frequencies up to 100 kHz. In situ temperature determination is possible by collecting and fitting the thermal radiation spectrum for a specific wavelength range (particularly, between 650 nm and 850 nm) to the Planck radiation function. Surface temperature information can also be time-resolved by using a gated detector that is synchronized with the laser pulse modulation and space-resolved with the implementation of a multi-point thermal radiation collection technique.

Time differentiated nuclear resonance spectroscopy coupled with pulsed laser heating in diamond anvil cells.

Developments in pulsed laser heating applied to nuclear resonance techniques are presented together with their applications to studies of geophysically relevant materials. Continuous laser heating in diamond anvil cells is a widely used method to generate extreme temperatures at static high pressure conditions in order to study the structure and properties of materials found in deep planetary interiors. The pulsed laser heating technique has advantages over continuous heating, including prevention of the spreading of heated sample and/or the pressure medium and, thus, a better stability of the heating process.