Gut-lung Microbiota Interactions in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD): Potential Mechanisms Driving Progression to COPD and Epidemiological Data.

This paper focuses on the gut-lung axis in the context of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), highlighting the key role played by microbial dysbiosis and the impact of environmental and genetic factors on the innate and acquired immune system and on chronic inflammation in the intestinal and pulmonary tracts. Recent evidence indicates that Antigen-Presenting Cells (APCs) perform regulatory activity influencing the composition of the microbiota. APCs (macrophages, dendritic cells, B cells) possess membrane receptors known as Pattern Recognition Receptors (PRRs), a category of toll-like receptors (TLRs).

A New Berlin Questionnaire Simplified by Machine Learning Techniques in a Population of Italian Healthcare Workers to Highlight the Suspicion of Obstructive Sleep Apnea.

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) syndrome is a condition characterized by the presence of repeated complete or partial collapse of the upper airways during sleep associated with episodes of intermittent hypoxia, leading to fragmentation of sleep, sympathetic nervous system activation, and oxidative stress. To date, one of the major aims of research is to find out a simplified non-invasive screening system for this still underdiagnosed disease. The Berlin questionnaire (BQ) is the most widely used questionnaire for OSA and is a beneficial screening tool devised to select subjects with a high likelihood of having OSA.

Effects of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) on lung microbiota and local immune response in long-term treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD): utility of titration and therapeutic index.

Administration of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) is one of the most controversial issues in the treatment of stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Associations between these drugs and increased incidence of severe pneumonia and other respiratory infections have already been reported in literature, as well as effects on the immune system and on the lung microbiota. ICS vary in their pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties, despite being widely considered therapeutically similar.

COVID-19 IgG/IgM patterns, early IL-6 elevation and long-term radiological sequelae in 75 patients hospitalized due to interstitial pneumonia followed up from 3 to 12 months.

Background: COVID-19 pandemic resulted in about 165 million infections and 3.4 million deaths all over the world across 15 months. The most severe clinical presentation of COVID-19 diseases is interstitial pneumonia.