Lactate Production can Function to Increase Human Epithelial Cell Iron Concentration.

Introduction: Under conditions of limited iron availability, plants and microbes have evolved mechanisms to acquire iron. For example, metal deficiency stimulates reprogramming of carbon metabolism, increasing activity of enzymes involved in the Krebs cycle and the glycolytic pathway. Resultant carboxylates/hydroxycarboxylates then function as ligands to complex iron and facilitate solubilization and uptake, reversing the metal deficiency.

Heme Oxygenase Activity Correlates with Serum Indices of Iron Homeostasis in Healthy Nonsmokers.

Heme oxygenase (HO) catalyzes the breakdown of heme to carbon monoxide, iron, and biliverdin. While the use of genetically altered animal models in investigation has established distinct associations between HO activity and systemic iron availability, studies have not yet confirmed such participation of HO in iron homeostasis of humans. Carbon monoxide produced through HO activity will bind to hemoglobin in circulating erythrocytes, and therefore, blood carboxyhemoglobin (COHb) can be used as an index of HO activity.

Effects of Environmental Pollutants on Cellular Iron Homeostasis and Ultimate Links to Human Disease.

Chronic disease has increased in the past several decades, and environmental pollutants have been implicated. The magnitude and variety of diseases may indicate the malfunctioning of some basic mechanisms underlying human health. Environmental pollutants demonstrate a capability to complex iron through electronegative functional groups containing oxygen, nitrogen, or sulfur.

Uses of NHANES Biomarker Data for Chemical Risk Assessment: Trends, Challenges, and Opportunities.

Background: Each year, the U.S. NHANES measures hundreds of chemical biomarkers in samples from thousands of study participants.

Perchlorate Exposure is Associated with Oxidative Stress and Indicators of Serum Iron Homeostasis Among NHANES 2005-2008 Subjects.

Perchlorate (ClO4 (-)), an oxidizing agent, is a ubiquitous environmental pollutant. Several studies have investigated its thyroid hormone disrupting properties. Its associations with other biological measures are largely unknown.