Construct, content and face validity of the camera handling trainer (CHT): a new E-BLUS training task for 30° laparoscope navigation skills.

Purpose: Assessing construct, face and content validity of the camera handling trainer (CHT), a novel low-fidelity training device for 30° laparoscope navigation skills.

Methods: We developed a custom-designed box trainer with clinically based graphic targets. A total of 117 participants, stratified according to their previous experience (novice, competent, expert), took part to a CHT session and subsequently were asked to fill out a survey to assess the impact of the CHT on their 30° laparoscope navigation skills.

The effects of spinal cord stimulation on quality of life in patients with therapeutically chronic refractory angina pectoris.

Objective. For patients with refractory angina pectoris, spinal cord stimulation (SCS) is a beneficial and safe adjuvant therapy. However, it has not yet been established whether SCS alters the quality of life (QoL) in these patients.