Supercooling tolerance in the Mexican lizard Barisia imbricata (Squamata: Anguidae).

Environmental temperature impacts the physiological processes of reptiles, determines their hours of activity per day, and may constrain their ability to meet critical ecological requirements. When environmental temperatures reach freezing, a few lizard species exhibit two mechanisms (supercooling and freezing tolerance) to survive freezing, and these two processes depend on cryoprotective molecules, such as glucose. Organisms produce high glucose concentrations to reach lower than normal crystallisation points, and this blood glucose concentration can double after freezing.

Climate change and the cost-of-living squeeze in desert lizards.

Climate warming can induce a cost-of-living "squeeze" in ectotherms by increasing energetic expenditures while reducing foraging gains. We used biophysical models (validated by 2685 field observations) to test this hypothesis for 10 ecologically diverse lizards in African and Australian deserts. Historical warming (1950-2020) has been more intense in Africa than in Australia, translating to an energetic squeeze for African diurnal species.

Defining "High-In" Saturated Fat, Sugar, and Sodium to Help Inform Front-of-Pack Labeling Efforts for Packaged Foods and Beverages in the United States.

: To help consumers make healthier choices, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has been charged with developing a front-of-package label (FOPL) to appear on US packaged foods and beverages. One option being explored is the use of "high-in" FOPLs for added sugar, sodium, and saturated fat using a threshold of ≥20% of the recommended daily value (%DV) per portion/serving size to define "high-in". While research has addressed what FOPL designs are most effective at visually communicating "high-in", less attention has been paid to the nutrient profile model (NPM) used to decide which products should receive these labels.

Breadth and visibility of children's lower limb chronic musculoskeletal pain: a scoping review.

Objective: To identify the types of conditions reported in peer-reviewed literature that result in chronic musculoskeletal lower limb pain in children and adolescents and explore the alignment of these conditions with the chronic pain reporting codes indexed in the International Classification of Diseases 11th Revision (ICD-11).

Design: This scoping review follows the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines.

Data Sources: Five electronic databases were searched (Medline, EMBASE, PsycINFO, CINAHL and the Cochrane Library).

Injectable peptide-glycosaminoglycan hydrogels for soft tissue repair: assessment for nucleus augmentation.

We report the development of peptide-glycosaminoglycan hydrogels as injectable biomaterials for load-bearing soft tissue repair. The hydrogels are injectable as a liquid for clinical delivery, rapidly form a gel , and mimic the osmotic swelling behaviour of natural tissue. We used a new model to demonstrate their application as a nucleus augmentation material for the treatment of intervertebral disc degeneration.