Publications by authors named "D M Koelle"
Background: Antibodies blocking programmed death (PD)-1 or its ligand (PD-L1) have revolutionized cancer care, but many patients do not experience durable benefits. Novel treatments to stimulate antitumor immunity are needed in the PD-(L)1 refractory setting. The stimulator of interferon genes (STING) protein, an innate sensor of cytoplasmic DNA, is a promising target with several agonists in development.
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- The effectiveness of HSV-2 vaccine candidates in mice and guinea pigs hasn't been reliably predictive for human trials, prompting researchers to look for better animal models.
- Cebus apella monkeys were evaluated in an HSV-2 genital infection model, where they developed antibodies and had some lesions, but showed potential for protective immunity after primary infection.
- The study suggests that C. apella may be a more appropriate model for testing HSV-2 vaccines and treatments compared to other primates like rhesus macaques, owing to their ability to support virus growth and develop immune responses.
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates the immune response to HSV-2 reactivation by examining T cells in skin biopsies and blood samples before and after vaccination with an HSV-2 candidate vaccine (HSV529).
- After the first vaccine dose, there was a notable increase in HSV-2-specific CD4+ T cell sequences from blood that made their way into the skin, indicating a successful immune memory response.
- Unique T cell clones were identified in the skin that weren't found in the blood, suggesting that the skin has a distinct immune profile, and highlights the importance of studying tissue-specific immunity in vaccine responses.
CMV-specific T cells, NK cells, and neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) were assessed in a randomized trial of CMV prevention with preemptive antiviral therapy (PET) versus prophylactic antiviral therapy (PRO) in donor-seropositive/recipient-seronegative (D+R-) liver transplant recipients (LTxR) at 100 days (end of intervention) and at 6 and 12 months after transplant. The PET group had significantly increased numbers of circulating polyfunctional T cells, NK cells, and nAbs compared with the PRO group at day 100, and several CMV immune parameters remained significantly higher by 12 months after transplant. Among PET recipients, preceding CMV viremia (vs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThin films of the superconductor YBaCuO (YBCO) were modified by low-energy light-ion irradiation employing collimated or focused He beams, and the long-term stability of irradiation-induced defects was investigated. For films irradiated with collimated beams, the resistance was measured in situ during and after irradiation and analyzed using a phenomenological model. The formation and stability of irradiation-induced defects are highly influenced by temperature.
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