A Tale of Two Lakes: Divergent Evolutionary Trajectories of Two Populations Experiencing Distinct Environments.

Most studies of local adaptation substitute the correlation between spatial distance and environmental heterogeneity for the temporal dynamics over which local adaptation evolves. The availability of detailed ecological and genomic information from lake sediments provides an opportunity to study local adaptation with unparalleled clarity from the temporal perspective. Inference can be further enhanced by including multiple lakes along ecological axes to further isolate the effects of ecological change in driving local adaptation.

Participant Engagement and Preference Study for Clinical Outcomes Associated With Atrial Fibrillation: The PEARL-AF Study.

Background: Quantifying patients' preferences for health outcomes associated with atrial fibrillation (AF) and its treatments offers a replicable approach to considering the patient perspective in regulatory decision-making.

Objective: The authors conducted a preference survey to estimate the relative importance of AF-related events for use in clinical trial analyses to estimate net health benefits with anticoagulants.

Methods: The survey included nontechnical descriptions of three severities of stroke, systemic embolism, myocardial infarction (MI) with or without subsequent heart failure (HF), major bleeding, clinically relevant nonmajor bleeding, and death.

Atrial Fibrillation Status and Physical Rehabilitation in Older Patients With Acute Decompensated Heart Failure: An Analysis From the REHAB-HF Trial.

Background: The REHAB-HF (Rehabilitation Therapy in Older Acute Heart Failure Patients) trial demonstrated that a transitional, tailored, progressive rehabilitation intervention improved physical function, 6-minute walk distance, frailty, quality-of-life, and depression in older patients hospitalized for acute decompensated heart failure. This analysis assessed the impact of atrial fibrillation (AF) on intervention benefits.

Methods And Results: Of 349 enrolled patients hospitalized for acute decompensated heart failure (mean age 72.

[How effective are non-pharmacological interventions for family caregivers? A systematic review with meta-analyses].

Introduction: Informal caregiving is associated with mental disorders and reduced quality of life. The aim of this systematic review was to summarize the results of methodologically high-quality intervention studies on the effectiveness of non-pharmacological interventions on patient-relevant outcomes for family caregivers in Germany.

Method: We searched three large scientific literature databases for intervention studies with a control group and a low or moderate risk of bias on the effectiveness of non-pharmacological interventions for family caregivers in Germany.