Alkene Epoxidation and Oxygen Evolution Reactions Compete for Reactive Surface Oxygen Atoms on Gold Anodes.

Rates and selectivities for the partial oxidation of organic molecules on reactive electrodes depend on the identity and prevalence of reactive and spectator species. Here, we investigate the mechanism for the epoxidation of 1-hexene (CH) with reactive oxygen species formed by electrochemical oxidation of water (HO) on gold (Au) in an aqueous acetonitrile (CHCN) electrolyte. Cyclic voltammetry measurements demonstrate that oxygen (O) evolution competes with CH epoxidation, and the Au surface must oxidize before either reaction occurs.

Model-based inference of a dual role for HOPS in regulating guard cell vacuole fusion.

Guard cell movements depend, in part, on the remodelling of vacuoles from a highly fragmented state to a fused morphology during stomata opening. Indeed, full opening of plant stomata requires vacuole fusion to occur. Fusion of vacuole membranes is a highly conserved process in eukaryotes, with key roles played by two multi-subunit complexes: HOPS (homotypic fusion and vacuolar protein sorting) and SNARE (soluble NSF attachment protein receptor).

Burnout among veterinary anaesthesia specialists: time to 'rock the boat' (part 1).

Objective: To determine the prevalence of burnout among veterinary anaesthesia specialists and explore correlations with sociodemographic variables.

Study Design: Cross-sectional, online, anonymous, voluntary survey.

Population: A total of 530 worldwide veterinary anaesthesia specialists affiliated to American (ACVAA) and/or European (ECVAA) Veterinary Anaesthesia and Analgesia Colleges.

Protocol for isolating specific C. elegans neuron types for bulk and single-cell RNA sequencing.

The C. elegans nervous system is compact and well described, ideal for identifying genetic programs that drive neuron-specific development, function, and connectivity. Here, we present a protocol for isolating specific neuron types for gene expression profiling by bulk or single-cell RNA sequencing.

Pathologic subtyping of Alzheimer's disease brain tissue reveals disease heterogeneity.

In recent years, multiple groups have shown that what is currently thought of as "Alzheimer's Disease" (AD) may be usefully viewed as several related disease subtypes. As these efforts have continued, a related issue is how common co-pathologies and ethnicity intersect with AD subtypes. The goal of this study was to use a dataset constituting 153 pathologic variables recorded on 666 AD brain autopsies to better define how co-pathologies and ethnicity relate to established AD subtypes.