The T3SS can contribute to traversal of an epithelial multilayer independently of the T3SS needle.

Multilayered epithelia lining our tissue surfaces normally resist traversal by opportunistic bacteria. Previously, we developed a strategy to experimentally perturb this resistance in the corneas of mouse eyes and used it to show that traversal of a multilayered epithelium by requires ExsA, the transcriptional activator of its type 3 secretion system (T3SS). Here, we developed a novel strategy for quantitatively localizing individual traversing bacteria within the multilayered corneal epithelium and explored the contributions of T3SS components.

Uptake, utility and resource requirements of a genetic counselling telephone helpline within the BRCA-DIRECT digital pathway for mainstreamed BRCA testing in patients with breast cancer.

Background: We trialled the first digital pathway (BRCA-DIRECT) aiming to improve capacity for mainstreamed BRCA testing within UK breast oncology services. Patients received standardised digital pretest information, with saliva sampling and consent to testing completed at home. For individualised support, we offered access to a clinical genetics professional via a telephone helpline (TH).

Illness risk representations underlying women's breast cancer risk appraisals: A theory-informed qualitative analysis.

Objectives: This study assessed the utility of Cameron's Illness Risk Representation (IRR) framework in understanding how women interpret their breast cancer risk after receiving a clinically derived estimate.

Design: Secondary qualitative analysis of two studies within the BC-Predict trial, using semi-structured telephone interviews with women aged 47-74 who received breast cancer risk estimates via population screening.

Methods: Forty-eight women were informed of their 10-year breast cancer risk (low (<1.

Potentially low-value operative care in abdominal trauma: A retrospective National Trauma Data Bank study.

Background: We currently lack national data on adherence to American College of Surgeons recommendations on nonoperative management for hemodynamically stable adults with solid-organ injuries. We aimed to estimate the incidence and interhospital variation in potentially low-value operative management for adults with blunt solid abdominal organ injuries.

Methods: We included adults with blunt solid-organ injury eligible for nonoperative management (grades I-IV spleen and liver and grade I-III kidney, hemodynamically stable on arrival, and no blood products used in the emergency department) who were admitted to trauma centers in the United States that submitted data to the National Trauma Data Bank between 2016 and 2019.

Inter-nesting area use, migratory routes, and foraging grounds for hawksbill turtles (Eretmochelys imbricata) in the Western Caribbean.

The hawksbill turtle, Eretmochelys imbricata, has been at risk of extinction for more than 40 years and remains critically endangered. While nesting beach protection is important for hatchling production, identifying inter-nesting, migratory, and foraging habitats is crucial for mitigating threats to population recovery. We report the use of satellite telemetry to monitor movements of 15 hawksbill turtles in the Western Caribbean.