Electrical Contacts to Graphene by Postgrowth Patterning of Cu Foil for the Low-Cost Scalable Production of Graphene-Based Flexible Electronics.

Numerous studies have focused on graphene owing to its potential as a next-generation electronic material, considering its high conductivity, transparency, superior mechanical stiffness, and flexibility. However, cost-effective mass production of graphene-based electronics based on existing fabrication methods, such as graphene transfer and metal formation, remains a challenge. This study proposes a simple and efficient method for creating electrical contacts with graphene.

Emotional words evoke region- and valence-specific patterns of concurrent neuromodulator release in human thalamus and cortex.

Words represent a uniquely human information channel-humans use words to express thoughts and feelings and to assign emotional valence to experience. Work from model organisms suggests that valence assignments are carried out in part by the neuromodulators dopamine, serotonin, and norepinephrine. Here, we ask whether valence signaling by these neuromodulators extends to word semantics in humans by measuring sub-second neuromodulator dynamics in the thalamus (N = 13) and anterior cingulate cortex (N = 6) of individuals evaluating positive, negative, and neutrally valenced words.

Characterization of Serum Cytokine Patterns in Frequent-Exacerbation Asthma: Implications for Phenotyping and Management.

(1) Background: Asthma exacerbations represent significant clinical events, however, the underlying inflammatory mechanisms and cytokine profiles in patients with frequent exacerbations remain incompletely understood; (2) Methods: In this prospective, cross-sectional study of 120 stable asthma patients, we compared the serum concentrations of eight key cytokines (IL-4, IL-12, IL-13, IL-17, IFN-α, IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-1β) between two groups: 60 patients with frequent exacerbations (≥ 2 events per year) and 60 matched controls with few exacerbations (1 event per year); (3) Results: Patients with frequent exacerbations showed significantly higher serum concentrations of IL-4 and IL-13 ( < 0.05), along with an increased prevalence of allergic history and comorbidities (chronic rhinosinusitis, GERD, OSA; all < 0.05).

Residue-Level Multiview Deep Learning for ATP Binding Site Prediction and Applications in Kinase Inhibitors.

Accurate identification of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) binding sites is crucial for understanding cellular functions and advancing drug discovery, particularly in targeting kinases for cancer treatment. Existing methods face significant challenges due to their reliance on time-consuming precomputed features and the heavily imbalanced nature of binding site data without further investigations on their utility in drug discovery. To address these limitations, we introduced Multiview-ATPBind and ResiBoost.

Normative and informational confidence matching.

When performing tasks in a social context, individuals tend to report confidence judgments that increasingly align with those of others over time. However, the mechanisms underlying this phenomenon, termed are not fully understood. This study explores two potential drivers of confidence matching behavior: informational factors that cause individuals to genuinely recalibrate their private sense of confidence based on their partner's confidence; and normative factors that lead individuals to adapt the way in which they publicly express their confidence, without changing their private assessment of their own performance.