Cardiovascular Health Status in US Adults With Chronic Diseases: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), 2013-2018.

Background: Cardiovascular health (CVH) assessment may have important benefits for adults with chronic diseases to prevent incident cardiovascular disease and additional chronic conditions. Few studies have compared CVH in adults with chronic diseases and healthy adults without chronic disease using the American Heart Association's (AHA's) Life's Essential 8 (LE8) metrics.

Methods And Results: We used National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data from 2013 to 2018 to identify the presence of 16 chronic diseases by participant self-report of diagnosis.

Latent class analysis of cardiac structure and function and association with premature cardiovascular disease: The Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study.

Objective: To generate data-driven phenogroups of cardiac structure and function based on echocardiographic measures assessed in asymptomatic middle-aged adults free of CVD, and examine associations between these newly defined phenogroups and incident premature cardiovascular disease (CVD).

Methods: Data were analyzed from participants in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) cohort study free of CVD who underwent an echocardiogram at the Year 25 (2010-2011) in-person examination. Continuous echocardiographic measures of left heart structure, left ventricular systolic function (including strain) and diastolic function, right ventricular systolic function, and hemodynamic measures were included in latent class analysis to generate novel phenogroups.

Cholesterol, Triglyceride, and Glucose Levels Across Birth Cohorts in the US.

Importance: Population mean levels of total cholesterol and fasting triglycerides have decreased substantially in the US in recent decades, but improvements in cardiometabolic health may have slowed among younger cohorts. Conversely, prevalence of diabetes (types 1 and 2) and obesity has increased, especially among adults younger than 65 years. It is unclear how trends in cholesterol, triglyceride, and glucose levels have changed across different birth cohorts and whether adverse trends in obesity are associated with these patterns.

DNA Methylation Signatures of Cardiovascular Health Provide Insights into Diseases.

Background: The association of overall cardiovascular health (CVH) with changes in DNA methylation (DNAm) has not been well characterized.

Methods: We calculated the American Heart Association's Life's Essential 8 (LE8) score to reflect CVH in five cohorts with diverse ancestry backgrounds. Epigenome-wide association studies (EWAS) for LE8 score were conducted, followed by bioinformatic analyses.

Drugs for dyslipidaemia: the legacy effect of the Scandinavian Simvastatin Survival Study (4S).

Since the discovery of statins and the Scandinavian Simvastatin Survival Study (4S) results three decades ago, remarkable advances have been made in the treatment of dyslipidaemia, a major risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Safe and effective statins remain the cornerstone of therapeutic approach for this indication, including for children with genetic dyslipidaemia, and are one of the most widely prescribed drugs in the world. However, despite the affordability of generic statins, they remain underutilised worldwide.