Multimodal Profiling of Peripheral Blood Identifies Proliferating Circulating Effector CD4 T Cells as Predictors for Response to Integrin α4β7-Blocking Therapy in Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

Background & Aims: Despite the success of biological therapies in treating inflammatory bowel disease, managing patients remains challenging due to the absence of reliable predictors of therapy response.

Methods: In this study, we prospectively sampled 2 cohorts of patients with inflammatory bowel disease receiving the anti-integrin α4β7 antibody vedolizumab. Samples were subjected to mass cytometry; single-cell RNA sequencing; single-cell B and T cell receptor sequencing (BCR/TCR-seq); serum proteomics; and multiparametric flow cytometry to comprehensively assess vedolizumab-induced immunologic changes in the peripheral blood and their potential associations with treatment response.

Analysis of Circulating Food Antigen-Specific T-Cells in Celiac Disease and Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

To demonstrate and analyze the specific T-cell response following barrier disruption and antigen translocation, circulating food antigen-specific effector T-cells isolated from peripheral blood were analyzed in patients suffering from celiac disease (CeD) as well as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). We applied the antigen-reactive T-cell enrichment (ARTE) technique allowing for phenotypical and functional flow cytometric analyses of rare nutritional antigen-specific T-cells, including the celiac disease-causing gliadin (gluten). For CeD, patient groups, including treatment-refractory cases, differ significantly from healthy controls.

Expression and function of α4β7 integrin predict the success of vedolizumab treatment in inflammatory bowel disease.

Inflammatory bowel diseases are medically intractable and require constant therapy in many cases. While a growing number of biologicals and small molecules is available for treatment, a substantial portion of patients experiences primary non-response to these compounds and head-to-head evidence for therapy selection is scarce. Thus, approaches to predict treatment success in individual patients are a huge unmet need.

TNF hampers intestinal tissue repair in colitis by restricting IL-22 bioavailability.

Successful treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases integrates both the cessation of inflammation and the induction of adequate tissue repair processes. Strikingly, targeting a single proinflammatory cytokine, tumor necrosis factor (TNF), induces both processes in a relevant cohort of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying intestinal repair following TNF blockade during IBD remain elusive.

PuraStat in gastrointestinal bleeding: results of a prospective multicentre observational pilot study.

Background: A recently developed haemostatic peptide gel for endoscopic application has been introduced to improve the management of gastrointestinal bleeding. The aim of this pilot study was to evaluate the feasibility, safety, efficacy and indication profiles of PuraStat in a clinical setting.

Methods: In this prospective observational multicentre pilot study, patients with acute non-variceal gastrointestinal bleeding (upper and lower) were included.