Nitrogen Deposition Weakens Soil Carbon Control of Nitrogen Dynamics Across the Contiguous United States.

Anthropogenic nitrogen (N) deposition is unequally distributed across space and time, with inputs to terrestrial ecosystems impacted by industry regulations and variations in human activity. Soil carbon (C) content normally controls the fraction of mineralized N that is nitrified (ƒ), affecting N bioavailability for plants and microbes. However, it is unknown whether N deposition has modified the relationships among soil C, net N mineralization, and net nitrification.

Remote Microphones Support Speech Recognition in Noise and Reverberation for Children With a Language Disorder.

Purpose: Children with typical hearing and various language and cognitive challenges can struggle with processing speech in background noise. Thus, children with a language disorder (LD) are at risk for difficulty with speech recognition in poorer acoustic environments.

Method: The current study compared the effects of background speech-shaped noise (SSN) with and without reverberation on sentence recognition for children with LD ( = 9) and typical language development (TLD; = 9).

Hypoglycaemia following physical exercise in a patient with novel SLC16A1 variant.

Rare defects in the promoter region of SLC16A1, the gene encoding monocarboxylate transporter 1 (MCT-1), result in exercise-induced hyperinsulinism. In this disorder inappropriate insulin secretion is triggered by anaerobic exercise with consequent hypoglycaemia. We describe the case of a 41 year old man presenting with a generalised tonic clonic seizure and severe hypoglycaemia following strenuous exercise.

Passivation, phase, and morphology control of CdS nanocrystals probed using fluorinated aromatic amines and solid-state NMR spectroscopy.

Nanocrystals are widely explored for a range of medical, imaging, sensing, and energy conversion applications. CdS nanocrystals have been reported as excellent photocatalysts, with thin film CdS also highly important in photovoltaic devices. To optimise properties of nanocrystals, control over phase, facet, and morphology are vital.

Research on phage λ: a lucky choice.

Bacteriophage λ is a paradigm in the field of gene regulation and one of the best-understood systems in genetic regulatory biology. A so-called Genetic Switch determines the mechanisms by which λ transitions to its dual lifestyles-lytic or lysogenic. When λ initiates the lysogenic lifestyle, the phage-encoded CI repressor binds cooperatively to multi-partite operators in a defined pattern that autoregulates repression of phage lytic promoters as well as activation of the lysogenic promoter.