Ibuprofen reduces inflammation, necroptosis and protects photoreceptors from light-induced retinal degeneration.

Background: The retinal degenerative diseases retinitis pigmentosa (RP) and atrophic age- related macular degeneration (AMD) are characterized by vision loss from photoreceptor (PR) degeneration. Unfortunately, current treatments for these diseases are limited at best. Genetic and other preclinical evidence suggest a relationship between retinal degeneration and inflammation.

Inherited Retinal Degenerations and Non-Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration: Progress and Unmet Needs.

Inherited retinal degeneration (IRD) disease and age-related macular degeneration (AMD) are leading causes of irreversible vision loss and blindness. Although significant progress has advanced the field in the past 5 years, significant challenges remain. The current article reviews the accomplishments and research advances that have fueled the development of treatments for patients with IRD and AMD, including the first approved gene-augmentation treatment for RPE65-related retinal degeneration and complement inhibition therapies to slow progression of geographic atrophy (GA) in AMD.

Take a Closer Look: Considerations for Autism Spectrum Disorder Assessment in Female Children and Adolescents.

Assessment for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in the pediatric female population entails unique diagnostic complexities. Females are often misdiagnosed, undiagnosed, or receive an ASD diagnosis at a later age than males. Male bias in ASD, masking behaviors, cultural norms, and overlapping neurodevelopmental comorbidities (such as attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder and intellectual disability) contribute to this phenomenon.

RNA Isolation from Human Stem Cell-Derived Retinal Organoids.

RNA isolation is an essential first step for many types of molecular analyses, including reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR)/quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR), Northern blotting, microarrays, and RNA-sequencing. While many RNA purification methods have been reported, it can be challenging to extract sufficient quantity, and suitable quality, of RNA from very small amounts of tissue and/or samples containing low numbers of cells. Here we outline a total RNA isolation method that reproducibly yields high-quality RNA from human stem cell-derived retinal organoids for downstream transcriptomic analysis.