Number needed to isolate - a new population health metric to quantify transmission reductions from isolation interventions for infectious diseases.

Background: We have previously developed and reported on a procedure for estimating the purported benefits of immunity mandates using a novel variant of the number needed to treat (NNT) which we called the number needed to isolate (NNI). Here we demonstrate its broader properties as a useful population health metric.

Main Body: The NNI is analogous to the number needed to treat (NNT = 1/ARR), except the absolute risk reduction (ARR) is the absolute transmission risk in a specific population.

Cross-cultural adaptation and validation to Spanish of the PANELVIEW instrument to evaluate the health guidelines development process.

Objectives: The PANELVIEW questionnaire identifies the strengths and weaknesses of the process and methods used for developing health guidelines from the guideline development group's perspective. To expand its use, PANELVIEW ideally should be available in different languages. We aimed to cross-culturally adapt PANELVIEW into Spanish and assess its acceptability, validity, and reliability.

Diagnostic Accuracy of SPECT for Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Purpose: This study examines the diagnostic accuracy of brain perfusion SPECT for mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI).

Patients And Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis was performed according to PRISMA guidelines (PROSPERO: CRD42023484636). Five databases were searched for studies evaluating brain perfusion SPECT in adult patients with mTBI (GCS 13-15).

One-Day Peer-Delivered Cognitive Behavioral Therapy-Based Workshops for Postpartum Depression: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Introduction: Myriad treatment barriers prevent birthing parents with postpartum depression (PPD) from receiving timely treatment. We aimed to determine whether a peer-delivered online 1-day cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT)-based workshop added to treatment as usual (TAU) improves PPD and its comorbidities and is more cost-effective than TAU alone.

Methods: This parallel-group, randomized controlled trial took place in Ontario, Canada (June 7, 2021, to February 18, 2022).

Resilience and associated factors in orphaned and separated adolescents in Kenya: Understanding the relationship with care environment and HIV risks.

Orphans are at higher risk of HIV infection and several important HIV risk factors than non-orphans; however, this may be due to a combination of related social, psychological, and economic factors, as well as care environment, rather than orphan status alone. Understanding these complex relationships may aid policy makers in supporting evidence-based, cost-effective programming for this vulnerable population. This longitudinal study uses a causal effect model to examine, through decomposition, the relationship between care environment and HIV risk factors in orphaned and separated adolescents and youths (OSAY) in Uasin Gishu County, Kenya; considering resilience, social, peer, or family support, volunteering, or having one's material needs met as potential mediators.