Changes in sleep patterns following traumatic brain injury: a controlled study.

Background: Sleep changes are frequently reported following traumatic brain injury (TBI) and have an impact on rehabilitation and quality of life following injury. Potential causes include injury to brain regions associated with sleep regulation, as well as secondary factors, including depression, anxiety, and pain. Understanding the nature and causes of sleep changes following TBI represents a vital step in developing effective treatments.

Fatigue and sleep disturbance following traumatic brain injury--their nature, causes, and potential treatments.

Background: Although fatigue and sleep disturbance are commonly reported following traumatic brain injury (TBI), understanding of their nature and treatment remains limited.

Objectives: This article reviews a series of investigations of the nature and causes of fatigue and sleep disturbance following TBI.

Methods: A large cohort of community-based patients with TBI, recruited from a TBI rehabilitation program, completed measures of subjective fatigue and sleep disturbances, as well as attentional measures.

Sleep disturbance and melatonin levels following traumatic brain injury.

Objectives: Sleep disturbances commonly follow traumatic brain injury (TBI) and contribute to ongoing disability. However, there are no conclusive findings regarding specific changes to sleep quality and sleep architecture measured using polysomnography. Possible causes of the sleep disturbances include disruption of circadian regulation of sleep-wakefulness, psychological distress, and a neuronal response to injury.

Poor sleep quality and changes in objectively recorded sleep after traumatic brain injury: a preliminary study.

Objectives: To evaluate changes in sleep quality and objectively assessed sleep parameters after traumatic brain injury (TBI) and to investigate the relationship between such changes and mood state and injury characteristics.

Design: Survey and laboratory-based nocturnal polysomnography.

Setting: Sleep laboratory.

Self-reported changes to nighttime sleep after traumatic brain injury.

Objectives: To explore subjective sleep reports from people in the chronic stages of traumatic brain injury (TBI) and to examine the extent and nature of sleep complaints in this population.

Design: Survey.

Setting: All participants were community based at the time of data collection.