Publications by authors named "D L Manalo"

Rabies is a viral zoonosis that kills thousands of people annually in low- and middle-income countries across Africa and Asia where domestic dogs are the reservoir. 'Zero by 30', the global strategy to end dog-mediated human rabies, promotes a One Health approach underpinned by mass dog vaccination, post-exposure vaccination of bite victims, robust surveillance and community engagement. Using Integrated Bite Case Management (IBCM) and whole genome sequencing (WGS), we enhanced rabies surveillance to detect an outbreak in a formerly rabies-free island province in the Philippines.

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Article Synopsis
  • *This study examined brain samples from 70 rabid dogs, finding high presence of Negri bodies in the hippocampus (87.14%) and cerebrum (70%), with distinct characteristics in those regions compared to the thalamus and brainstem.
  • *The research highlighted that detecting Negri bodies in the hippocampus and cerebral cortex can aid in rabies diagnosis, while immunohistochemistry showed high sensitivity for identifying rabies virus antigens in all brain regions studied.
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Snail control to complement mass drug administration is being promoted by the World Health Organization for schistosomiasis control. , the snail intermediate host of in the Philippines, has a very focal distribution; thus, scrutinizing baseline data and parameters affecting this distribution is very crucial. In this study in Gonzaga, Cagayan, Philippines, snail habitats were surveyed, and the various factors affecting the existence of the snails were determined.

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Article Synopsis
  • Despite efforts to eliminate rabies, it remains a significant issue in the Philippines, particularly in Oriental Mindoro Province, where dog vaccination and surveillance are insufficient.
  • The Integrated Bite Case Management (IBCM) approach over three years showed high demand for post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP), yet many patients were not at high risk, and traditional surveillance missed the majority of rabies cases.
  • The study estimated that PEP prevents 20 to 43 human deaths annually at a substantial cost, revealing that improvements are needed in rabies prevention and control strategies to better address the ongoing problem.
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