Part II: A new perspective for modeling the bone remodeling process: Biology, mechanics, and pathologies.

In this paper, we explore the effects of biological (pathological) and mechanical damage on bone tissue within a benchmark model. Using the Finite Element Methodology, we analyze and numerically test the model's components, capabilities, and performance under physiologically and pathologically relevant conditions. Our findings demonstrate the model's effectiveness in simulating bone remodeling processes and self-repair mechanisms for micro-damage induced by biological internal conditions and mechanical external ones within bone tissue.

Simulation of the electrical stimulation of the rat brain using sleep frequencies: A finite element modeling approach.

A realistic rat brain model was used to simulate current density and electric field distributions under frequencies characteristic of sleeping states (0.8, 5, and 12 Hz). Two anode-electrode setups were simulated: plate vs.

Moderate Hypofractionated Protracted Radiation Therapy and Dose Escalation for Prostate Cancer: Do Dose and Overall Treatment Time Matter?

Purpose: This was a retrospective study of 2 sequential dose escalation regimens of twice-weekly 4 Gy/fractions hypofractionated intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT): 56 Gy and 60 Gy delivered within a protracted overall treatment time (OTT) of 6.5 and 7 weeks, respectively.

Methods And Materials: 163 prostate cancer patients with cT1c-T3a disease and nodal involvement risk ≤20% (Roach index) were treated twice weekly to the prostate ± seminal vesicles with 2 sequential dose-escalated IMRT schedules: 56 Gy (14 × 4 Gy, n=81) from 2003 to 2007 and 60 Gy (15 × 4 Gy, n=82) from 2006 to 2010.

11C-Choline PET/CT in the primary diagnosis of prostate cancer: impact on treatment planning.

Aim: Aim of the present study was to evaluate the usefulness of 11C-choline PET/CT for detecting lymphatic or haematogenous spread and for planning radiotherapy in patients with medium-to-high risk prostate cancer.

Methods: We have included 61 consecutive patients recently diagnosed with cancer prostate by biopsy. All patients were classified as medium-to-high risk: Gleason: 7-9; PSA: 6.

Hypofractionated external beam radiotherapy to boost the prostate with ≥85 Gy/equivalent dose for patients with localised disease at high risk of lymph node involvement: feasibility, tolerance and outcome.

Aims: To evaluate the tolerance and preliminary outcome of prostate cancer patients at high risk of lymph node involvement treated with normofractionated whole pelvic radiotherapy (WPRT) followed by a hypofractionated boost to the prostate with an intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) technique.

Materials And Methods: Between 2004 and 2011, 78 T1-4N0M0 prostate cancer patients at high risk of lymph node involvement (70 patients with a Roach index ≥ 15%; 57 with T-stage ≥ 3a; 40 with Gleason score ≥ 8) underwent WPRT to a median normofractionated dose of 50.4 Gy (range 48.