Guanosine treatment prevents lipopolysaccharide-induced depressive-like behavior in mice.

Guanosine is a purinergic nucleoside that has been shown to have neuroprotective effects, mainly through its ability to modulate the glutamatergic system. An increase in pro-inflammatory cytokine levels triggers the activation of the enzyme indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO-1), leading to glutamatergic excitotoxicity, which has important roles in the pathophysiology of depression. The aim of this study was to investigate the possible antidepressant-like effects and underlying mechanisms of action of guanosine against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced depression in a mouse model.

Attenuation of the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines prevents depressive-like behavior during ethanol withdrawal in mice.

Clinical studies indicate that alcohol-dependent patients may develop depressive symptoms during abstinence, which may increase the likelihood of relapse. It is known that both in alcohol exposure and depression, there is an increase in the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the brain. However, the putative contribution of increased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the development of depressive-like behavior during ethanol withdrawal has not been evaluated.

Involvement of kynurenine pathway and N-methyl-d-aspartate receptors in the antidepressant-like effect of vilazodone in the tail suspension test in mice.

The present study evaluated the antidepressant-like effects of vilazodone using the tail suspension test in mice. We also investigated the contribution of kynurenine pathway and N-methyl-d-aspartate receptors to this effect. For this purpose, we pretreated animals with sub-effective doses of L-kynurenine, 3-hydroxykynurenine, or quinolinic acid.

Interesterified palm oil impairs glucose homeostasis and induces deleterious effects in liver of Swiss mice.

Background: Interesterified fats have largely replaced the partially hydrogenated oils which are the main dietary source of trans fat in industrialized food. This process promotes a random rearrangement of the native fatty acids and the results are different triacylglycerol (TAG) molecules without generating trans isomers. The role of interesterified fats in metabolism remains unclear.

Personal data usage and privacy considerations in the COVID-19 global pandemic.

Data has become increasingly important and valuable for both scientists and health authorities searching for answers to the COVID-19 crisis. Due to difficulties in diagnosing this infection in populations around the world, initiatives supported by digital technologies are being developed by governments and private companies to enable the tracking of the public's symptoms, contacts and movements. Considering the current scenario, initiatives designed to support infection surveillance and monitoring are essential and necessary.