Finerenone Alleviates Over-Activation of Complement C5a-C5aR1 Axis of Macrophages by Regulating G Protein Subunit Alpha i2 to Improve Diabetic Nephropathy.

Diabetic nephropathy (DN), one of the most common complications of diabetes mellitus (DM), accounts for a major cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD) worldwide, with a complicated pathogenesis and limited effective strategies nowadays. The mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) is a classical ligand-activated nuclear transcription factor. It is expressed in the renal intrinsic and immune cells, especially macrophages.

A Unified Approach to Lactonization/Lactamization by Leveraging Tether-Tunable Distonic Radical Anions.

We report using visible-light-induced generation of tether-tunable distonic radical anions for the general catalytic lactonization/lactamization of aromatic carboxylic acids and benzamides. Its success relies on the specific cyclic diacyl peroxide and catalytic amount of CsI, enabling the generation of electrophilic heteroatom-centered radicals via a philicity regulation strategy. Key features include operational simplicity, excellent functional group tolerance, broad substrate scope, high chemo- and regioselectivity, gram-scale scalability, and application to synthesis of urolithin derivatives and 3--butylphthalide.

Reirradiation Special Medical Physics Consultations: Lessons Learned from Nearly 3000 Courses of Treatment.

Introduction: Reirradiation (reRT) has become increasingly prevalent due to an aging population and advancements in cancer detection and treatment. However, the field is still lacking standardized dosimetric evaluation methods and reRT workflows, which leads to difficulty in correlating clinical outcomes with delivered dose. This study reports on the implementation and evolution of a standardized reRT workflow in the Department of Radiation Oncology at [redacted], describing insights gained from nearly 3000 external beam reirradiation courses delivered since 2017.