The saponin monophosphoryl lipid A nanoparticle adjuvant induces dose-dependent HIV vaccine responses in non-human primates.

The induction of durable protective immune responses is the main goal of prophylactic vaccines, and adjuvants play a role as drivers of such responses. Despite advances in vaccine strategies, a safe and effective HIV vaccine remains a significant challenge. The use of an appropriate adjuvant is crucial to the success of HIV vaccines.

Iatrogenic posterior translation of the construct at the uppermost instrumented vertebrae is associated with proximal junctional kyphosis.

Purpose: To determine if iatrogenic posterior translation (UIV SPi) at the upper instrumented vertebrae (UIV) is associated with increased mechanical complications and secondarily to generate and validate a UIV SPi threshold for increased complications.

Methods: Two patient databases were utilized: one for generating a UIV SPi threshold and another for validation. Patients with a UIV between T8-L1 and a LIV at ilium were included.

Development and Validation of the Well-Being in Sport Questionnaire and Sport Well-Being Enhancement Profile: Two Instruments to Measure and Promote Sport-Specific Well-Being.

Athletes' overall well-being (WB) often intertwines with their sport WB and vice versa. While holistic WB measures have been explored in nonsport contexts, researchers aim to understand competitive athletes' WB using psychometrically rigorous assessments. Consequently, two interrelated studies were conducted to develop and validate companion instruments: (a) the Well-Being in Sport Questionnaire to gauge outcome-related sport WB and (b) the Sport Well-Being Enhancement Profile to identify strategies for enhancing sport WB.

Evaluating the effect of biochar rate and combination with fertilizer on the dynamics of soil nitrogen supply in tea plantation.

Tea plantations commonly receive substantial quantities of nitrogen (N) fertilizer, with potential for considerable N loss to occur. This study assessed N retention in acidic tea plantation soil and examined how different biochar application rates and fertilizer combinations affect N dynamics, highlighting the importance of innovative technologies to monitor and enhance N supply management. This research adopted a modified 2-week aerobic incubation and ion-exchange membrane (IEM) techniques to evaluate the soil N supply in tea plantations following early-summer top-dressing as influenced by various biochar rates and fertilizer combinations.

Passive infusion of an S2-Stem broadly neutralizing antibody protects against SARS-CoV-2 infection and lower airway inflammation in rhesus macaques.

The continued evolution of SARS-CoV-2 variants capable of subverting vaccine and infection-induced immunity suggests the advantage of a broadly protective vaccine against betacoronaviruses (β-CoVs). Recent studies have isolated monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) from SARS-CoV-2 recovered-vaccinated donors capable of neutralizing many variants of SARS-CoV-2 and other β-CoVs. Many of these mAbs target the conserved S2 stem region of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein, rather than the receptor binding domain contained within S1 primarily targeted by current SARS-CoV-2 vaccines.