Chlorophyll and topographic patterns demonstrate stress conditions drive the brightness of autumn leaf colour.

Autumn leaf colour brightness is an important cultural ecosystem service. As its spatial patterns and ecophysiological mechanisms remain unclear, we analysed relationships among autumn leaf colour brightness, late summer chlorophyll content, and topographic position in both canopy-based micro-scale analysis and site-based macro-scale analysis. Multispectral drone observations were made in three Fagus crenata forests at elevations of 300, 600, and 900 m in Niigata Prefecture, Japan.

The flower does not open in the city: evolution of plant reproductive traits of Portulaca oleracea in urban populations.

Background And Aims: The impact of urbanization on plant evolution, particularly the evolution of reproductive traits, remains largely unknown. In this study, we aimed to investigate the consequences of urbanization on the reproductive traits of Portulaca oleracea in the Kantō region of Japan. Portulaca oleracea has a unique cleistogamous reproductive system, which consists of genetically determined chasmogamous (open, CH) and cleistogamous (closed, CL) plants.

Comparison of the Effectiveness of Vedolizumab and Ustekinumab in Crohn's Disease Patients Who Failed Anti-tumor Necrosis Factor-α Treatment in Japan: An Observational Study Utilizing Claims Database.

This study aimed to investigate whether the approved sequence of vedolizumab and ustekinumab impacts the results of previous observational studies conducted in the European Union (EU), comparing the effectiveness of these drugs in Crohn's disease (CD) patients who failed anti-tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα) treatment. We conducted this study in Japan, where the approved sequence of drugs is different from that of the EU. We extracted 256 patients diagnosed with CD, who had a history of anti-TNFα treatment and were prescribed either vedolizumab or ustekinumab, from JMDC claims database.

Causality Assessment Between Drugs and Fatal Cerebral Haemorrhage Using Electronic Medical Records: Comparative Evaluation of Disease-Specific and Conventional Methods.

Introduction: A new algorithm for causality assessment of drugs and fatal cerebral haemorrhage (ACAD-FCH) was published in 2021. However, its use in clinical practice has not been verified.

Objectives: This study aimed to explore the practical value of the ACAD-FCH when applying information available in clinical practice.

Patient concern regarding bleeding side effects from oral anticoagulation therapy for atrial fibrillation: an analysis from the multicentre KiCS-AF registry.

Aims: The purpose of this study is to utilize patient-reported outcomes to determine the percentage of patients concerned about mild to moderate bleeding side effects of anticoagulants.

Methods And Results: We consecutively enrolled 3312 newly diagnosed or referred patients for atrial fibrillation (AF) management from 11 sites within the Keio interhospital Cardiovascular Studies-Atrial Fibrillation registry between September 2012 and May 2018. Of these patients, 2636 (79.