[Interscalene block and shoulder surgery. Literature review and new method of infiltration].

Nowadays, interscalene block is the gold standard for intra- and post-operative analgesia for shoulder surgery. It consists of distributing a sufficient volume of local anesthetics, within the interscalenic space which contains the C5 to C7 nerve roots. Due to its proximity to the area where the anesthetic is injected, the phrenic nerve can be transiently blocked causing a kind of paralysis of an hemidiaphragm.