Characteristics and real-world medication persistence of people living with HIV treated with DTG/3TC or BIC/FTC/TAF: a hospital claims database study in Japan.

Background: As the life expectancy of people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (PLWH) has improved, chronic disease burden and polypharmacy have increased in PLWH. Simplification of the antiretroviral therapy (ART) regimen for PLWH has become crucial. The real-world treatment patterns and medication persistence of the 2-drug single-tablet regimen (STR), dolutegravir/lamivudine (DTG/3TC), compared to bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide (BIC/FTC/TAF) prescribed were investigated.

Implementation of Guideline-Based HBV Reactivation Management in Patients with Chronic HBV Infections of HBsAg or Resolved HBV Infection Undergoing Immunosuppressive Therapy.

Introduction: Although patients with HBV have a risk of reactivation after immunosuppressive therapy (IST), the status of their risk management is unclear in Japan. This study aims to describe the proportion of patients who received preventive management of HBV reactivation during ISTs in patients with chronic HBV infection of HBsAg or resolved HBV infection.

Method: A retrospective cohort study was conducted using the JMDC Japanese claims database from April 2011 to June 2021.

Pipeline Terracotta Microbial Fuel Cell: Organic Content Biosensor and Energy Harvesting Device Integrated in Wastewater Pipeline.

Wastewater pipelines are present everywhere in urban areas. Wastewater is a preferable fuel for renewable electricity generation from microbial fuel cells. Here, we created an integrated microbial fuel cell pipeline (MFCP) that could be connected to wastewater pipelines and work as an organic content biosensor and energy harvesting device at domestic waste-treatment plants.

3.0-T MR-guided transgluteal in-bore-targeted prostate biopsy under local anesthesia in patients without rectal access: a single-institute experience and review of literature.

Purpose: To describe the technique and evaluate the performance of MRI-guided transgluteal in-bore-targeted biopsy of the prostate gland under local anesthesia in patients without rectal access.

Methods: Ten men (mean age, 69 (range 57-86) years) without rectal access underwent 13 MRI-guided transgluteal in-bore-targeted biopsy of the prostate gland under local anesthesia. All patients underwent mp-MRI at our institute prior to biopsy.

Real-world safety and effectiveness of tenofovir alafenamide for 144 weeks in Japanese patients with chronic hepatitis B.

Tenofovir alafenamide (TAF), a prodrug of tenofovir, delivers high levels of active drug to hepatocytes and is given in a lower dose than tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF). TAF reduces viral replication in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) similar to TDF and has shown a lower risk of the renal and bone toxicities associated with TDF use. This post-marketing surveillance study examined the safety and effectiveness of TAF in treatment-naïve and -experienced CHB patients who received TAF for 144 weeks at real-world clinical sites in Japan.