A Digital Tool for Clinical Evidence-Driven Guideline Development by Studying Properties of Trial Eligible and Ineligible Populations: Development and Usability Study.

Background: Clinical guideline development preferentially relies on evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs). RCTs are gold-standard methods to evaluate the efficacy of treatments with the highest internal validity but limited external validity, in the sense that their findings may not always be applicable to or generalizable to clinical populations or population characteristics. The external validity of RCTs for the clinical population is constrained by the lack of tailored epidemiological data analysis designed for this purpose due to data governance, consistency of disease or condition definitions, and reduplicated effort in analysis code.

Eighth Annual Society of Thoracic Surgeons Pedimacs Report.

Background: The Pediatric Interagency Registry for Mechanical Circulatory Support (Pedimacs), supported by The Society of Thoracic Surgeons, provides detailed information on pediatric patients supported with ventricular assist devices (VADs).

Methods: From September 19, 2012, to December 31, 2023, there were 1648 devices in 1349 patients (<19 years) from 39 North American Hospitals with 100 patients enrolled in 2023.

Results: Cardiomyopathy was the most common underlying etiology (59%), followed by congenital heart disease (26%) and myocarditis (8%).

Transcription factors induce differential splicing of duplicated ribosomal protein genes during meiosis.

In baker's yeast, genes encoding ribosomal proteins often exist as duplicate pairs, typically with one 'major' paralog highly expressed and a 'minor' less expressed paralog that undergoes controlled expression through reduced splicing efficiency. In this study, we investigate the regulatory mechanisms controlling splicing of the minor paralog of the uS4 protein gene (RPS9A), demonstrating that its splicing is repressed during vegetative growth but upregulated during meiosis. This differential splicing of RPS9A is mediated by two transcription factors, Rim101 and Taf14.

Heart Transplantation Outcomes for Fontan Patients When Using Contemporary Strategies: Heart-Liver Transplantation and Ventricular Assist Device Therapy.

Background: With an increasing number of Fontan patients surviving into adulthood, the burden of end-stage heart failure is increasing. Prior studies have reported suboptimal heart transplantation (HTx) outcomes. Therefore, the authors describe their institutional experience of HTx in patients with Fontan circulation failure, including heart-liver transplantation (HLTx) and pretransplant systemic ventricular assist device (SVAD) therapies.

The Gendered Impact of Depression on Undergraduate Students' Research Gains: Can More Competent Mentors Help?

There are serious concerns about mental health on college campuses. Depression negatively impacts college student success. Women and transgender/gender-nonconforming students suffer from depression at higher rates than men.