Synchronous urinothorax and uroperitoneum.

Urinothorax was first described in 1968 by Corriere et al. as the presence of urine in the pleural cavity due to retroperitoneal leakage of accumulated urine. Herein, we present a female patient, who complained of dyspnea due to urinothorax.

New strategies for the treatment of hormone-independent prostate cancer.

Prostate cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer and the second leading cause of death in men in the United States. Androgen ablation therapy is useful and results in stabilization or regression of the disease in approximately 80% of patients, but it invariably fails to prevent progressive disease. Prostate cancer that progresses in the presence of androgen blockade is defined as hormone-refractory prostate cancer (HRPC).

Randomized controlled clinical trial of a combination of somatostatin analog and dexamethasone plus zoledronate vs. zoledronate in patients with androgen ablation-refractory prostate cancer.

Background: As previously shown, the combination of standard androgen ablation therapy with somatostatin analog and dexamethasone in metastatic androgen ablation-refractory (stage D3) prostate cancer (PrCa) patients has a favorable profile of side-effects, durable objective antitumor activity (up to 60% partial response rate) and palliative effects. Bisphosphonates interfere with bone remodeling at the sites of PrCa bone metastases and have been postulated to have indirect and/or direct anti-PrCa activity.

Materials And Methods: A randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted to compare a combination of somatostatin analog (octreotide 20 mg i.