Evaluation of In Vitro Biological Activity of Flavanone/Chromanone Derivatives: Molecular Analysis of Anticancer Mechanisms in Colorectal Cancer.

The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the anticancer activity of six flavanone/chromanone derivatives: -benzylideneflavanones/-benzylidenechroman-4-ones and their -spiro--pirazolines analogs. We employed five colon cancer cell lines with varying degrees of metastasis and genetic profiles as our research model. Our investigation focused primarily on assessing the pro-oxidant properties of the tested derivatives and their impact on overall antiproliferative activity.

Pathophysiology of Arginases in Cancer and Efforts in Their Pharmacological Inhibition.

Arginases are key enzymes that hydrolyze L-arginine to urea and L-ornithine in the urea cycle. The two arginase isoforms, arginase 1 (ARG1) and arginase 2 (ARG2), regulate the proliferation of cancer cells, migration, and apoptosis; affect immunosuppression; and promote the synthesis of polyamines, leading to the development of cancer. Arginases also compete with nitric oxide synthase (NOS) for L-arginine, and their participation has also been confirmed in cardiovascular diseases, stroke, and inflammation.

Treatment strategy and therapy based on immune response in patients with gastric cancers.

In this editorial, we highlight the significance of a retrospective study "Analysis of the impact of immunotherapy efficacy and safety in patients with gastric cancer and liver metastasis" performed by Liu . The authors utilized data collected from gastric cancer (GC) patients and assessed immunotherapy effectiveness and survival status. They found significant differences in treatment response.

Mucosal-associated invariant T cells modulate innate immune cells and inhibit colon cancer growth.

Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are innate-like T cells that can be activated by microbial antigens and cytokines and are abundant in mucosal tissues including the colon. MAIT cells have cytotoxic and pro-inflammatory functions and have potentials for use as adoptive cell therapy. However, studies into their anti-cancer activity, including their role in colon cancer, are limited.