Publications by authors named "D J Tobias"
Aims/hypothesis: A positive association between sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) and diabetes risk has been shown, with inconsistent evidence between artificially sweetened beverages (ASBs) and diabetes. Moreover, it is uncertain if physical activity can mitigate the negative effects of these beverages on diabetes development. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the independent and joint associations between SSB or ASB consumption and physical activity on the risk of type 2 diabetes.
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- Infants with congenital heart defects (CHDs) often face malnutrition and poor weight gain, but information on older children with CHDs is scarce.
- A nationwide online survey in Germany surveyed school-aged children (6-17 years) registered in the National Register for CHDs to evaluate their nutritional status and dietary habits.
- Results showed that children with CHDs consumed less sugary and fast food, had lower body mass index (BMI) percentiles than healthy peers, and experienced undernutrition primarily due to the severity of their CHDs and prior surgeries rather than unhealthy eating habits.
Article Synopsis
- Physical activity (PA) both before and after a cancer diagnosis can lower the risk of mortality in cancer patients, as shown in studies involving large cohorts like the Women's Health Study and the Physicians' Health Study.
- Participants who remained active or became active after their diagnosis showed significantly lower risks for all-cause, cancer-specific, and non-cancer-related mortality compared to those who remained inactive.
- The findings suggest that encouraging physical activity in cancer patients might enhance survival, but further research is necessary to confirm these benefits across different types of cancers.
Effects of Nonnutritive Sweeteners on the BMI of Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials and Prospective Cohort Studies.
Adv Nutr
December 2024
Article Synopsis
- - The study investigates the unclear impact of nonnutritive sweeteners (NNSs) on body mass index (BMI) in children and adolescents, emphasizing the need for systematic evaluations due to increased NNS consumption.
- - A total of 12 studies were included, showing that random allocation to NNS beverages resulted in less BMI gain compared to sugar-sweetened beverages, particularly in adolescents and those with obesity.
- - However, long-term prospective cohort studies found a nonsignificant association between NNS beverages and BMI gain, indicating that evidence quality was low to moderate, with concerns about conflicts of interest in some studies.
Human voltage-gated proton (hHv1) channels are crucial for regulating essential biological processes such as immune cell respiratory burst, sperm capacitation, and cancer cell migration. Despite the significant concentration difference between protons and other ions in physiological conditions, hHv1 demonstrates remarkable proton selectivity. Our calculations of single-proton, cation, and anion permeation free energy profiles quantitatively demonstrate that the proton selectivity of the wild-type channel originates from its strong proton affinity via the titration of the key residues D112 and D174, although the channel imposes similar kinetic blocking effects for protons compared to other ions.
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