Complete mitochondrial genomes of and (Cypriniformes: Leuciscidae).

The Leuciscidae (minnows, shiners and relatives) is a diverse family of freshwater fishes with many species endangered due to anthropogenic stressors. and are two shiners found only in the upper Brazos River basin in Texas, USA and listed as endangered due to contracted habitat. The complete mitochondrial genome was sequenced for two vouchered specimens for each species; having a total mitogenome length of 16,711 bp and having a total mitogenome length 16685-16686 bp, with both including 13 protein-coding genes, 22 transfer RNAs genes, and 2 ribosomal RNA genes.

Time resolved x-ray diffraction using the flexible imaging diffraction diagnostic for laser experiments (FIDDLE) at the National Ignition Facility (NIF): Preliminary assessment of diffraction precision.

The Flexible Imaging Diffraction Diagnostic for Laser Experiments (FIDDLE) is a new diagnostic at the National Ignition Facility (NIF) designed to observe in situ solid-solid phase changes at high pressures using time resolved x-ray diffraction. FIDDLE currently incorporates five Icarus ultrafast x-ray imager sensors that take 2 ns snapshots and can be tuned to collect X-rays for tens of ns. The platform utilizes the laser power at NIF for both the laser drive and the generation of 10 keV X-rays for ∼10 ns using a Ge backlighter foil.

Effects of Weight Loss and Weight Maintenance on Lipoprotein Insulin Resistance Scores in Adults with Overweight and Obesity.

An elevated lipoprotein insulin resistance (LP-IR) score corresponds to insulin resistance in adults with overweight and obesity, yet data are lacking regarding the impact of exercise interventions on LP-IR. The purpose of this secondary analysis was to evaluate the effects of a weight loss and weight maintenance intervention on LP-IR score in adults with overweight and obesity. Thirty sedentary adults with overweight and obesity completed a 10-week OPTIFAST weight loss program with supervised aerobic exercise to achieve clinical weight loss (CWL) (≥7% from baseline).

Epigenomic differences between osteoarthritis grades in primary cartilage.

Objective: Osteoarthritis is a common and complex joint disorder that shows higher prevalence and greater disease severity in women. Here, we investigate genome-wide methylation profiles of primary chondrocytes from osteoarthritis patients.

Design: We compare genome-wide methylation profiles of macroscopically intact (low-grade) and degraded (high-grade) osteoarthritis cartilage samples matched from osteoarthritis patients undergoing knee replacement surgery.