Remotely-Sensed Game Trails Are a Behavioral Footprint That Explains Patterns of Herbivore Habitat Use.

Trade-offs between food acquisition and predator avoidance shape the landscape-scale movements of herbivores. These movements create landscape features, such as game trails, which are paths that animals use repeatedly to traverse the landscape. As such, these trails integrate behavioral trade-offs over space and time.

Train-the-Educator: Boosting Knowledge and Confidence for Conducting Substance Use Prevention Education.

Background: School-based substance use prevention is important, yet many educators are not trained in the curriculums. The purpose of this study was to assess changes in educators' knowledge about substances and confidence in delivering drug education before and after participating in educator trainings, as well as overall perceptions of the trainings, for three curriculums: tobacco, cannabis, and all drugs prevention.

Methods: We conducted one-arm pre-post analyses evaluating educators' changes in knowledge about products and confidence to deliver curriculums.

Embed systemic equity throughout industrial ecology applications: How to address machine learning unfairness and bias.

Recent calls have been made for equity tools and frameworks to be integrated throughout the research and design life cycle -from conception to implementation-with an emphasis on reducing inequity in artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) applications. Simply stating that equity should be integrated throughout, however, leaves much to be desired as industrial ecology (IE) researchers, practitioners, and decision-makers attempt to employ equitable practices. In this forum piece, we use a critical review approach to explain how socioecological inequities emerge in ML applications across their life cycle stages by leveraging the food system.

A Crop Water Stress Index for Hazelnuts Using Low-Cost Infrared Thermometers.

Incorporating data-driven technologies into agriculture presents a promising approach to optimizing crop production, especially in regions dependent on irrigation, where escalating heat waves and droughts driven by climate change pose increasing challenges. Recent advancements in sensor technology have introduced diverse methods for assessing irrigation needs, including meteorological sensors for calculating reference evapotranspiration, belowground sensors for measuring plant available water, and plant sensors for direct water status measurements. Among these, infrared thermometry stands out as a non-destructive remote sensing method for monitoring transpiration, with significant potential for integration into drone- or satellite-based models.

Ship collision risk threatens whales across the world's oceans.

After the near-complete cessation of commercial whaling, ship collisions have emerged as a primary threat to large whales, but knowledge of collision risk is lacking across most of the world's oceans. We compiled a dataset of 435,000 whale locations to generate global distribution models for four globally ranging species. We then combined >35 billion positions from 176,000 ships to produce a global estimate of whale-ship collision risk.