The Chemical Complexity of e-Cigarette Aerosols Compared With the Smoke From a Tobacco Burning Cigarette.

As e-cigarette popularity has increased, there is growing evidence to suggest that while they are highly likely to be considerably less harmful than cigarettes, their use is not free of risk to the user. There is therefore an ongoing need to characterise the chemical composition of e-cigarette aerosols, as a starting point in characterising risks associated with their use. This study examined the chemical complexity of aerosols generated by an e-cigarette containing one unflavored and three flavored e-liquids.

Identifying Risk Factors for Complications During Exposure for Anterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion.

Introduction An anterior approach to lumbar interbody fusion is a widely utilized method of access to the lumbar spine. Due to the potential for vascular complications with spine exposure, vascular surgeons are frequently included in the care of these patients as part of a team-based approach. Identifying risk factors for such complications is difficult and not well-defined in the literature.

Fenestrated endovascular aneurysm repair with concomitant horseshoe kidney.

Horseshoe kidney (HSK) is a rare anatomic anomaly that poses surgical challenges in the setting of abdominal aortic aneurysm repair. An endovascular approach is safer for patients yet carries technical challenge because of variable renal vasculature. We present the case of a patient with an infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm and concomitant HSK who underwent successful repair with a custom fenestrated endograft with preservation of a midaortic renal artery.