Cytological evaluation, culture and genomics to evaluate the microbiome in healthy rabbit external ear canals.

Background: Lop-eared rabbits may be predisposed to otitis externa (OE) as a consequence of their ear conformation. Although otoscopy, otic cytological evaluation and culture are valuable tools in dogs and cats, published data on rabbits remain lacking.

Hypothesis/objectives: This study aimed to assess the utility of otoscopy and cytological results in evaluating healthy rabbit external ear canals (EECs) and to characterise ear cytological and microbiological findings through culture techniques and metagenomic sequencing.

Neural representation of phonological wordform in temporal cortex.

While the neural bases of the earliest stages of speech categorization have been widely explored using neural decoding methods, there is still a lack of consensus on questions as basic as how wordforms are represented and in what way this word-level representation influences downstream processing in the brain. Isolating and localizing the neural representations of wordform is challenging because spoken words activate a variety of representations (e.g.

Exploring Abstract Pattern Representation in The Brain and Non-symbolic Neural Networks.

Human cognitive and linguistic generativity depends on the ability to identify abstract relationships between perceptually dissimilar items. Marcus et al. (1999) found that human infants can rapidly discover and generalize patterns of syllable repetition (reduplication) that depend on the abstract property of identity, but simple recurrent neural networks (SRNs) could not.

Neural representation of phonological wordform in bilateral posterior temporal cortex.

While the neural bases of the earliest stages of speech categorization have been widely explored using neural decoding methods, there is still a lack of consensus on questions as basic as how wordforms are represented and in what way this word-level representation influences downstream processing in the brain. Isolating and localizing the neural representations of wordform is challenging because spoken words evoke activation of a variety of representations (e.g.

Abstract representations in temporal cortex support generative linguistic processing.

Generativity, the ability to create and evaluate novel constructions, is a fundamental property of human language and cognition. The productivity of generative processes is determined by the scope of the representations they engage. Here we examine the neural representation of reduplication, a productive phonological process that can create novel forms through patterned syllable copying (e.