Determination of Ventilatory Thresholds Using Near-Infrared Spectroscopy in Recreational Endurance and CrossFit Athletes.

To define training zones, ventilatory thresholds (VTs) are commonly established by cardiopulmonary gas-exchange analysis during incremental exercise tests. Portable near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) devices have emerged as a potential tool for detecting these thresholds by monitoring muscle oxygenation. This study evaluated the accuracy of NIRS measurements to determine VTs or critical power (CP) based on muscle oxygen saturation and assesses the device's consistency across 2 constant-load tests.

VascuFit: Aerobic exercise improves endothelial function independent of cardiovascular risk: A randomized-controlled trial.

Background And Aims: Endothelial dysfunction predicts elevated cardiovascular (CV) risk in healthy individuals. Aerobic exercise reduces endothelial dysfunction in part by improving CV risk factors. Yet, this explains less than 50 % of the effect and a direct influence of exercise training on the endothelium is discussed as possible contributor.

Circulating amino acid signature features urea cycle alterations associated with coronary artery disease.

Coronary artery disease (CAD) remains a leading cause of death worldwide and imposes a substantial socioeconomic burden on healthcare. Improving risk stratification in clinical practice could help to combat this burden. As amino acids are biologically active metabolites whose involvement in CAD remains largely unknown, this study investigated associations between circulating amino acid levels and CAD phenotypes.

Intensity or volume: the role of physical activity in longevity.

Aims: To investigate how physical activity (PA) volume, intensity, duration, and fragmentation are associated with the risk of all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality. To produce centile curves for PA volume and intensity representative of US adults.

Methods And Results: This study is based on the observational 2011-2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).

Silk-Derived Protein-4 Versus Vehicle Control in Treating Patients With Moderate to Severe Dry Eye Disease: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Purpose: In this study the safety and efficacy of silk-derived protein 4 (SDP-4), also known as amlisimod, eye drops against a vehicle control formulation in patients with moderate to severe dry eye disease (DED) was assessed. SDP-4 is a novel, naturally derived, anti-inflammatory wetting agent that enhances coating on the ocular surface.

Design: Exploratory Phase 2, 12- and 8-week, serial cohort, multicenter, double-masked, randomized, vehicle-controlled study.