The role and clinical relevance of long non-coding RNAs in glioma.

Glioma represents a complex and heterogeneous disease, posing significant challenges to both clinicians and researchers. Despite notable advancements in glioma treatment, the overall survival rate for most glioma patients remains dishearteningly low. Hence, there is an urgent necessity to discover novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets specifically tailored for glioma.

MiRNAs and lncRNAs in the regulation of innate immune signaling.

The detection and defense against foreign agents and pathogens by the innate immune system is a crucial mechanism in the body. A comprehensive understanding of the signaling mechanisms involved in innate immunity is essential for developing effective diagnostic tools and therapies for infectious diseases. Innate immune response is a complex process involving recognition of pathogens through receptors, activation of signaling pathways, and cytokine production, which are all crucial for deploying appropriate countermeasures.

Three-Dimensional Endoscopy-Assisted Excision and Reconstruction for Metastatic Disease of the Dorsal and Lumbar Spine: Early Results.

Background: The aim of this study was to explore the role of three-dimensional (3D) endoscopy in surgical management of metastatic disease of the dorsal and lumbar spine.

Methods: This is a prospective study on 33 patients (15 men and 18 women, mean age of 61.6 ± 8.

[Surgical treatment results of metastatic spine disease with using minimally invasive technologies, including 3D video endoscopic technologies].

The Aim Of The Study: Was to evaluate the results of surgical treatment of patients with metastatic lesions of the spine using 3-D video endoscopic technologies.

Material And Methods: We analysed the results of surgical treatment of 33 patients with metastatic lesions of the thoracic spine using a 3D video-assisted thoracoscopic intervention that was performed from November 2017 to December 2019. When examining patients, the following were used: X-ray of the spine, spiral computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), as well as the SINS, Bilsky, Karnovsky, Tokuhashi, Frankel, SF-36 and VAS scales.

Specific role of dopamine in striatum during instrumental learning.

Research of dopamine's role in behavior is seemingly in a state of permanent controversy over all major topics. The notion of 'prediction error' is a central component of current reward leaning models, but there are many caveats and contradictions in supporting data. In this paper we propose that the same dopamine signal can promote action and reinforce this action, and outline novel model of reward learning in which dopamine provides a kind of teaching signal with DA release starting well before and persisting beyond the to-be reinforced action.