Pulmonary presentation and coil marcation of dirofilaria lung coin nodes - case report.

Clinicians face significant diagnostic challenges when dealing with nodal lesions of the lung. The majority of lung nodules are benign; however, a significant number can be cancerous. Dirofilaria infestation should also be considered in the differential diagnosis of nodal lung lesions.

An endogeous defensive concept, renewed cytoprotection/adaptive cytoprotection: intra(per)-oral/intragastric strong alcohol in rat. Involvement of pentadecapeptide BPC 157 and nitric oxide system.

With intra(per)-oral strong alcohol application at the tongue, swallowed, we renewed Robert's stomach cytoprotection/adaptive cytoprotection concept. We assessed strong (96%) alcohol-induced severe or minute lesions in stomach, tongue-esophagus-stomach-duodenum lesions, and sphincter pressure (lower esophageal and pyloric) upon administration intragastrically (at 1 h) or intra(per)-orally at the tongue, and swallowed (at 1, 5, 15, 30 min; and 1, 2, 24 h). The assessment also included combined administrations (intra(per)-oral at the tongue, swallowed and intragastric (at 1 h)).